中科院考博英語培訓(xùn)資料短文補(bǔ)全課堂講義-08年12月-閱讀頁
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【正文】 二．語篇銜接理論1．銜接指的是語篇中的不同成分在意義上有所聯(lián)系的現(xiàn)象。例如： The doctor came in．He looked very serious．2）．替代（substitution）：指用替代形式去替代上下文出現(xiàn)的詞語，可分為名詞性替代、動(dòng)詞性替代和分句性替代。4）．連接詞（conjunction）：指連接句子的各種連詞、副詞等。例如：a. 同詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：In general, our society is being one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man bees a small welloiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, wellventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and human relations experts. Yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has bee powerless, that he is bored with it.b. 同義詞或近義詞：All of this caused a crisis of confidence. Americans stopped taking prosperity for granted. They began to believe that their way of doing business was failing, and that their ines would therefore shortly begin to fall as well. The mid1980s brought one inquiry after another into the causes of America39。要判斷這些段落之間和句子之間是否銜接得好，首要的條件就是看它們是否有一個(gè)話題中心而所有句子都圍繞著這個(gè)中心鋪陳。1）．連貫。例如： My home town is a beautiful place．It stands beside a wide river at the foot of low green hills．It has many fine buildings and wide streets．There are trees and flowers everywhere． 2）．相對(duì)連貫。例如： I love the maple tree．It is beautiful in the spring with its light green leaves．During the springtime the weather is quite nice．In the summer，I can sit in its branches and stay cool．In the autumn，the maple leaves turn red and yellow．Then，when they fall，I can make wonderful leaf piles to jump into．When I was growing up, one of the places I enjoyed most was the cherry tree in the back yard. Behind the yard was an alley and then more houses. Every summer when the cherries began to ripen, I used to spend hours high in the tree, picking and eating the sweet, sunwarmed cherries. My mother always worried about my falling out of the tree, but I never did. But I had some petition for the cherries — flocks of birds that enjoyed them as much as I did and would perch all over the tree, devouring the fruit whenever I wasn39。 but actually when the birds and I had finished, there weren39。如果沒有話題中心，或者每句話都引出一個(gè)新的話題，這樣的語段就是
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