【正文】 4. A better understanding of the environment is necessary, as is the willingness to act. 5. Only by changing how we live can we save the earth. 6. Had I known that air conditioners cause so much pollution, I would never have bought one. 7. Without international cooperation, developing countries cannot prosper, nor will sustainable development be possible. Inversion(倒裝句 ) 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，句子按照 “ 主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ) ”的順序排列，叫做 自然語(yǔ)序 。 inversion 一 :目的 （ 1）強(qiáng)調(diào) :lay emphasis on a part of S （ 2） 句子平衡 :keep the balance of the S 二 : 分類：完全倒裝 —— full inversion 不完全倒裝 — partial inversion 英語(yǔ) 倒裝句 分為兩種： １、整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)在前的句子，叫完全倒裝 。 Why did you do it like that? 一、完全倒裝 １、在 there, here 引導(dǎo)的句子中，謂語(yǔ)是 be, exist, live,lie 等表示狀態(tài)的不及物動(dòng)詞。 There goes the bell. Here es your husband. 注意： 主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，則不需倒裝。 但如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞則不用倒裝。 “You’ve made great progress this term.”said the teacher. “Tom”,said his father, “You shouldn’t make friends with such boys!” 注意： 1)主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，倒裝不倒裝都可以。 “ Why didn’t you join us!”O(jiān)ur monitor asked us. be, 表語(yǔ)提前時(shí)，整個(gè)句子需倒裝。 4. 介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞的句子． 或?yàn)榱吮３志渥悠胶猓驗(yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，或是上下文緊密銜接時(shí)，用全部倒裝． On the bed lay a young girl. Between the two buildings stands a tall tree. 5. 直接引語(yǔ)的一部分或全部放在句首時(shí)，且名詞充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用全部倒裝 “I love you,” whispered John. “Help! Help!” cried the boy in the water. such指代后面的內(nèi)容． Such were the facts. Such is life. 二、部分倒裝 在以 so, nor, neither 開(kāi)頭的句子里。 “ It is hot today.” “So it is.” “He finished it on time.” “So he did.” shall does 2)如按照別人的意思做了什么事， so也不用倒裝。 Tom likes singing, but he doesn’t like dancing. So it is with Mary. Tom is in Class Two, and his classroom is over there. So it is with Mary. Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary. NOTE:若前面為兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的分句，表示不同的主語(yǔ)與前面有關(guān)的各種情況相同，往往用： ?so it is/was with +主語(yǔ) ?it is/was the same with +主語(yǔ) I seldom watch TV, but listen to the radio a lot. ___. A. So do I. B. Neither do I C. I’m the same. D. So it is with me. D 在疑問(wèn)句里。 Do you have an English class every day? What did the two cheats pretend to be doing? Should he be interested in this subject, he might work hard at it. Had I known the answer I should have told you. Hardly had he entered the house when it began to rain. No sooner had they entered the house than it began to rain. 注意： 1)當(dāng)上述單詞不提前時(shí)，則不倒裝。 Little work was done yesterday. 。 但是當(dāng)連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)不倒裝 Not only he but also I have kept the secret. 6. only修飾的副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句放于句首時(shí)，主句要倒裝 . Only then did I know I was wrong Only in this way can you hope to improve your English. Only when the war was over in 1949 was he able to get back home. 注： only 修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí)，不倒裝 . Only he can do this work. 7. so…that/ such…that 中 so+ adj./adv或 such…提前到句首時(shí)，后面的部分用倒裝語(yǔ)序 . a. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room could hear him. b. So shallow is the lake that no fish can live in it. c. Such a noise was there that I couldn’t work. d. In such a hurry did he leave that he fet to lock the door. often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, 等作狀語(yǔ)的頻度副詞 位于句首時(shí)。 so B had I know。 so D did I know。 that B until。 that D when。 was I B did he e。 was I D he was。 what B. came。 that D came。were the streets city was。the streets were city