【正文】 謂語動詞應與量詞相一致。這樣的詞有zoo—zoos,piano—pianos.［誤］This is a Mary’s dictionary.［正］This is Mary’s dictionary.［析］如名詞前有指示代詞this, that, these those,及其他修飾詞our,some, every, which, 或所有格時，則不要再加冠詞。［誤］Thank you very much. Your family is very kind to me.［正］Thank you very much. Your family are very kind to me.［誤］Tom’s and Mary’s family are waiting for us.［正］Tom’s and Mary’s families are waiting for us.［誤］I’m sorry. I have to go. Tom’s families are waiting for me.［正］I’m sorry. I have to go. Tom’s family are waiting for me.［析］集合名詞如果指某個集合的整體，則應視為單數(shù)，如指某個集合體中的個體則應視為復數(shù)。這樣的集合名詞有：family class, team等。也不可加不定冠詞。如：I don’t like drinking coffee, but the coffee in that cup is really good. ［誤］Please give me two waters.［正］Please give me two glasses of water.［正］Please give me two coffees.［析］物質名詞如要加計量時，一定要加量詞，如：two cups of tea,two glasses of water,a glass of milk,a loaf of bread,a piece of bread,a box of sugar,a bowl of rice,a bottle of orange,a bag of earth例： I’ll tell you a piece of good news.但只有coffee可以用coffees來取代many cups of coffee.［誤］Can you give me the newspaper of today?［正］Can you give me today’s newspaper?［析］加’s構成所有格的名詞一般應指有生命的人或物。如：a five minutes’ walk.［誤］Please make a room for the lady in the school bus.［正］Please make room for the lady in the school bus.9 ［析］英語中更多的名詞是含有多種用法和多種含意的，如： room為可數(shù)名詞時為―房間‖，如：I live in Room ―請給老婦人在校車上留個地方。但也有例外，如:a goods train(貨車),sports meeting (運動會)。所以應講one fish, two fish, one Chinese, two Chinese. 如果講There are five fishes in the 。如:clothes 為衣服，而cloth則是布， sand沙子，而sands是沙灘。如握手為shake hands.［誤］We have five German in this meeting.［正］We have five Germans in this meeting.［析］英國人Englishman的復數(shù)形式為Englishmen，而German 則要加s，因為它不是由國名與man的組合詞。 policeman, a policewoman。但如果只找其中的一個則要指明，這時還是應用單數(shù)形式。而pennies是指一個個的硬幣，如：I want to change this note for 。［誤］There are many fruit in the shop.［正］There are many fruits in the shop.［析］物質名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，但是用來表示種類時則可以用作可數(shù)名詞，這里應譯為各種各樣的水果。這是他們共同的家。［誤］It is really beautiful. It is a work of nature.［正］It is really beautiful. It is a Nature’s work.［析］無生命名詞的所有格應用of結構。如：This pen is Tom’s.［誤］My father is a good cooker.［正］My father is a good cook.［析］一般動詞加上er后則轉意為執(zhí)行該動作的執(zhí)行者，如:teach(教)—teacher(老師),think(想)—thinker(思想家),drive(開車)—driver(司機),sell(賣)—seller(賣物者)……但不能總是以此類推，比如cook是動詞―做飯‖。［誤］The young is dancing there.［正］The young are dancing there.［析］英文中用定冠詞加上形容詞表示一類人時應按復數(shù)名詞，如：the rich 富人，the poor(窮人),the wise 聰明人，但如果用定冠詞加形容詞來表示事物則要用作單數(shù)名詞，如：The beautiful is still 。［誤］This is one of the EnglishChinese dictionary.［正］This is one of the EnglishChinese dictionaries.11 ［析］one of意為―……之一‖，of后面的名詞要用復數(shù)形式。［誤］I think we will make a friend with each other.［正］I think we will make friends with each other.［析］make friends 為習慣用法，即交朋友。［誤］There are a lot of information here, but we don’t need them.［正］There is a lot of information here, but we don’t need it.［析］information為不可數(shù)名詞，而用作代替它的詞要用it而不能用them.［誤］Many a student make the same mistake in the exam.［正］Many a student makes the same mistake in the exam.［析］many a 加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，作主語時其謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式，但其意為許多學生。clothes是指衣服，但沒有單數(shù)形式，如：This clothing is needed in warm countries. Her clothes are made of fine ，如：a school dress 校服，an evening dress晚禮服。所以應用復數(shù)謂語動詞。(三) 例題解析1. Lucy and Lily＿＿＿in the same class.A. am B. is C. are D. be［答案］C.［析］由and連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時應按復數(shù)名詞來搭配謂語動詞。而address則為―地址‖。另外，英文的表達法與中文不同，中文講，快點，時間不多了，而英文要講，快點，沒時間了。錢數(shù)作為整體、價格講時，不論其值是多少都是不可數(shù)名詞，要用how much 提問。one of 加名詞的結構中的名詞應用復數(shù)。16 There are three＿＿＿and seven＿＿＿in the picture.A deers, sheeps B deers, sheepC deer, sheep Ddeer, sheeps［答案］C.［析］deer與sheep均是單復同形的名詞。名詞或代詞作主語時和謂語之間的單復數(shù)的一致問題：謂語和謂語基本保持單復數(shù)的一致,即：主語是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式：如：(計算機是個了不起的發(fā)明)(玻璃杯里的水很冷)集體名詞(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主語時,① 如果表示整體概念,則謂語用單數(shù)形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班是好班)② 如果表示其中的所有成員時,則謂語用復數(shù)形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.(三班有張中國地圖)Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示單個時謂語用單數(shù),表示許多時,謂語用復數(shù)。如： very cheap and I want to take them.(褲子很便宜,我想買)a lot of 后跟名詞復數(shù)時謂語用復數(shù)形式,跟不可數(shù)名詞時謂語用單數(shù)形式。如：apples now.(老師和他的兒子在摘蘋果) / very famous food. (魚和薯條是一種出名的食品) there be 句型中be的單復數(shù)一般由靠近的名詞決定。如： to be heretomorrow.(你和我明天要求都來)主語中含有with的短語時,謂語單復數(shù)由with. (一名婦女帶著一個七歲的孩子(當時)就站在路邊)1either…or…或者 neither…