【正文】
,便悄悄地溜進(jìn)教室。如:The medicine will cure of your disease.(這藥能治好你的病。 61. current, present 均可表“現(xiàn)在”,“目前”。如:current English (當(dāng)代英語) present為常用詞,指現(xiàn)在正在通用的,在時(shí)間上比current的范圍更窄。 custom為正式用詞,多指社團(tuán)或人們的習(xí)慣行為方式。如:He has the bad habit of biting his nails.(他有咬手指的壞習(xí)慣。 damage一般指部分性的破壞,含可修復(fù)使用。如:The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake.(地震中整個(gè)城市被毀了。如:Doctors say smoking harms our health.(醫(yī)生說吸煙對(duì)身體有害。如:She poured water all over my painting and ruined it. (她把水倒在畫上,把它毀了。 64. decrease, reduce decrease多表示逐漸縮小。) reduce為常用詞,使用范圍較大,可指尺寸,數(shù)量,規(guī)模和程度等,也可指地位,經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況。) 65. dependent, independent dependent依賴的,依靠的(on, upon)。如:John was independent of his parents when he was still a child. 66. desert, dessert desert沙漠。如:What would you like for dessert, an apple pie or icecream? 67. discover, invent discover發(fā)現(xiàn)。如:A kind of toothbrush has been invented to relieve toothache. 68. duty, responsibility 均有“責(zé)任”之意,可換用。 responsibility著重指從道義或法律上對(duì)事件之后果負(fù)責(zé)。) 69. effective, efficient 均可表示“有效的”。如:effective medicine, effective method等。如:The German telephone system is highly efficient. (德國(guó)的電話系統(tǒng)效率很高。如:the economic doctrines of Ricardo(李嘉圖的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)說) economical節(jié)約的,節(jié)儉的。如:electric generator(發(fā)電機(jī));electric light(電燈) electrical多指本身不產(chǎn)生電,但是與電有關(guān)的。如:electronic engineering(電子工程學(xué)) 72. emergence, emergency emergence是emerge的名詞形式。 73. everyday, every day everyday每日的,日常的(作定語)。如:She gets up early every day. bear忍受,容忍,指忍受使人悲痛、煩惱或痛苦的事情。) endure忍耐,書面語,指長(zhǎng)時(shí)間經(jīng)受痛苦而不屈服。) stand忍受,與bear同義,但較口語化。) tolerate容忍,容許,指自我克制的態(tài)度,對(duì)于令人反感的事沒有任何抗議。) withstand經(jīng)受,承受,指頂住外來的壓力和攻勢(shì)。) 75. error, mistake, fault, shorting 均表“缺點(diǎn)”,“錯(cuò)誤”。 mistake指判斷或理解方面,或指因考慮不周而造成的錯(cuò)誤,搭配是make a mistake。如:There is a fault in this machine.(這臺(tái)機(jī)器有一處毛病。 shorting 缺點(diǎn),可指人或事物的本質(zhì)上不足之處(常用復(fù)數(shù))。) 76. especially, particularly, specially 均可表“特別地”。如:I love Italy, especially in summer.(我喜歡意大利,尤其在夏天。如:The visitors admired his paintings, but particularly the portrait of his daughter.(來訪者贊賞他所有的繪畫,特別是他女兒的畫像。如:I made chocolate cake specially for you.(我特地為你做了巧克力蛋糕。 exchange指“互相交換”。如:George has replaced Edward as captain of the team.(喬石治已接替愛德華擔(dān)任隊(duì)長(zhǎng)。如:We substitute nylon for cotton.(我們用尼龍代替了棉花。 fall指由于重力突然從高處落下或因?yàn)槭テ胶舛埂? descend多指沿著斜面而緩慢向下移動(dòng)。) 79. fame, honor, reputation 都可表名聲。如:He was not anxious for fame.(他并不渴望成名。如:This is an honor more than I can deserve.(這光榮我受之有愧。如:He has a reputation for laziness.(他的懶惰出了名。如:They are felling the trees.(他們?cè)诳硺?。如:We were required to dress formally for the party. formerly從前。 frank直率的,坦白的,著重表達(dá)自己的情感和想法時(shí)沒有保留。) honest誠(chéng)實(shí)的,正直的,指遵守正直等道德準(zhǔn)則。) Sincere誠(chéng)摯的,誠(chéng)懇的,強(qiáng)調(diào)出自內(nèi)心的真心實(shí)意。) 83. gaze, stare, glance, glimpse 都與“看”有關(guān)。 Stare強(qiáng)調(diào)由于好奇、害怕或無意地睜大眼睛盯著看看。 glimpse“一瞥”,是短暫而急促地看,含有意地匆匆地看一眼,現(xiàn)多用作名詞。 84. genius, gift, talent 都有天才之意。如:Shakespeare was a man of great genius. gift天賦,比“天才”的意義要弱一點(diǎn),可用復(fù)數(shù)。) talent才能,一般不用復(fù)數(shù),指通過學(xué)習(xí)和勤奮掌握的本領(lǐng)、技術(shù)和其他的活動(dòng)能力。) 85. get, achieve, acquire, attain, gain, obtain 均可表“獲得”。如:Where can I get enough information?(我從哪兒能得到足夠的資料?) achieve多指克服困難后取得勝利,成功,強(qiáng)調(diào)“得到”這一結(jié)果。) acquire指通過本身的努力逐漸獲得知識(shí)、能力和榮譽(yù)等。 attain為正式用詞,多用于莊重場(chǎng)合,主要指通過努力達(dá)到重要目的或得到珍貴的東西。) gain多指付出極大努力后獲得或贏得給自己帶來優(yōu)勢(shì)的東西。) obtain多指憑努力或懇求得到急需或很想得到的東西。) 86. grasp, seize, snatch 都有“抓”的意思。 seize是突然用力抓住。 87. hanged, hung hang, hanged, hanged吊死。如:His pictures were hung in the museum. 88. haste, hurry, speed 都與速度有關(guān)。如:I felt no haste to depart.(我不急著走。如:I forgot to pay my bill in my hurry. Speed迅速,快,不暗示忙亂或焦急。) 89. hard, hardly hard努力地。如:The children can hardly wait to hear the news. 90. home, house home家。如:Our new house is quite near the station. 91. equal, equivalent, identical, same 皆含相同,相等之意。如:Their ages are equal. equivalent相等的,特指“價(jià)值,效力,意義”等相同的。如:She wore the identical dress on both occasions. identical相同的,相等的,側(cè)重于某一細(xì)節(jié)上完全相同。) same相同的,表示在質(zhì)量、類型、外表或意義上相同,而實(shí)際上有差異。 imaginable可以想象得到的。) imaginary假想的,虛構(gòu)的。如:an imaginative artist(想像力豐定的藝術(shù)家) 93. indifferent, different indifferent冷漠的,不關(guān)心的,同to搭配。) different跟……不一樣,同from搭配。) 94. industrial, industrious industrial工業(yè)的,產(chǎn)業(yè)的。) industrious勤勞的,勤奮的。) 95. influence, effect 都有“影響”之意。如:She was influenced by her middle school teachers.(她受中學(xué)時(shí)的老師影響。如:The effects of the medicine are very good.(藥效很好。 Purpose意為“目的”,著重于實(shí)現(xiàn)目的的決心和待付出的努力。如:My seat is in the last row. latest最近的,指時(shí)間上。如:The judgment has bee final.(這已是最后的判斷。如:He never considered the ultimate result of his action.(他從未考慮其行為的后果。如:Lay the book on the desk.(把書放在桌上。 lie(說謊)的過去式和過去分詞為lied, lied。 99. literal, literary, literate literal文字上的,字面的。如:literary works(文學(xué)作品) literary有文化的(反義詞是illiterate),如:people applying for the job should be puter literate.(申請(qǐng)這份工作的人應(yīng)會(huì)使用電腦。如:This textile factory manufactures cloth of good quality.(這家紡織廠生產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)布料。如:She can make cakes. Produce生產(chǎn),制造,著重產(chǎn)品的數(shù)量。) , very 都可表示“很”。 一些只作表語的形容詞,一般多用much修飾。 修飾形容詞原級(jí)用very,修飾比較級(jí)用much。 , overlook, ignore neglect可以是有意,也可以是無意地“忽略”或“忽視”應(yīng)該做的事。) overlook指由于粗心大意,匆忙而“看漏”或“忽略”某東西或某事實(shí)。) ignore不顧,不理,常指有意地不理,不加分析地拒絕考慮。 happen是常用詞,指偶然或按計(jì)劃的發(fā)生。 take place多表示情況或事情按計(jì)劃發(fā)生。) , opportunity, occasion chance多指偶然的機(jī)會(huì),意外的機(jī)會(huì),帶有僥幸的意味。) opportunity主要指能夠去做某事,尤其是達(dá)到自己目的,實(shí)現(xiàn)某種愿望的好機(jī)會(huì)。) occasion主要指“時(shí)機(jī)”,“場(chǎng)合”,也含有“機(jī)會(huì)”的意思。) , insist persist堅(jiān)持,后面常接介詞in。) insist堅(jiān)持,后面接介詞on,也可直接連用that引導(dǎo)的名詞從句。如:The ship is equipped with special refrigerating devices to preserve food for the whole voyage.(船上設(shè)有特殊冷藏設(shè)備,在整個(gè)航程中保存食物。如:He is conserving his energy for the last twentymeter dash.(他正在為最后20米沖刺保存實(shí)力。如:Reserve enough money for your home fare.(留足你回家的路費(fèi)。如:It is probable that the cost will be greater than we think.(花費(fèi)很可能比我們料想的要多。如:It’s possible, though not probable, that he will accept these terms. (他有可能接受這些條件,但希望很小。如:It is likely that he will e.(他多半會(huì)來。如:The tutor explained the purpose of the exercise.(導(dǎo)師說明了該練習(xí)的目的。如:The goal of her desire is to be a singer.(她渴望成為一名歌唱家。如:My first aim is to receive