[英語考試]過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞語法總結(jié)-閱讀頁
2025-04-07 02:12本頁面
【正文】 兩個村子的路非常寬。The man running over there is our chairman. =The man who is running over there is our chairman.正在朝那邊跑的那個人是主席＊如果分詞需要表示動作是主動的，而又在謂語動作之前發(fā)生，則要用定語從句表示，在謂語動作之后發(fā)生則要用不定式或從句表示。The man ing yesterday es again.（x）（在謂語動詞es之前發(fā)生）The students to attend the meeting（who will attend the meeting）will arrive here tomorrow.要參加會議的學(xué)生們明天到達(dá)這里。The skyscraper being built is still higher than that built the year before last.＝The skyscraper that is being built is still higher than that（one）that was built the year before last.正在建造的那幢摩天大樓比前年造的那幢還要高。Those who have handed in their positions may go home. ↓ 定語從句Those having handed in their positions may go home 。6. 何時用過去分詞作定語？ 因?yàn)檫^去分詞只有一種形式，而它又包含完成和被動意味。（分同painted所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞is之前）The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow. =The letter that was mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.昨日寄出的那封信，明天將會寄達(dá)他手中。Is it a letter written in pencil？這是用鉛筆寫的信嗎？說明：分詞作定語時：sleeping boy① 兩詞皆要重讀② 可換成定語從句③ 兩詞有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系Look at the sleeping boy.（分詞作定語） ↓ 看這個熟睡的男孩?？吹耐瑫r，這個男孩在睡覺。 ↓說明用途（the car is for sleep ) 定語I have a lot of words to say.（不定式作定語） ↓ 我有許多話要說。I had(got) a decayed tooth pulled off. 我讓（大夫）把我的一顆蛀牙拔了。分詞可以作賓補(bǔ)，但它通常用在一些感覺動詞和使役動詞的賓語后面，強(qiáng)調(diào)它的動作性，因此譯文時，一般把分詞譯成動詞。 過去分詞與句子的賓語是被動關(guān)系，它表示動作的完成和結(jié)果。主 謂 賓 賓補(bǔ)（在此句中賓語和賓補(bǔ)的關(guān)系是主動的，它表示call的動作正在進(jìn)行。主 謂 賓 賓補(bǔ)（此句中，賓語和賓補(bǔ)的關(guān)系是被動的，它表示call這一動作已經(jīng)完成。We found the eggs eaten by the snake.=the eggs were eaten by the snake. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)雞蛋被蛇吃了（總之是他自己動手照的。d better have（get）the dangerous building pulled down. 你最好叫人把這座危樓推倒了。（別人給他照的）I had my left arm broken yesterday. 昨天我的左胳搏摔斷了。（是主語的一種遭遇、經(jīng)歷，不可能是主語叫別人做的事） make oneself understood = to make one39。（我的英語不能使別人明白我的意思）I didn39。A liar cannot make himself believed. 撒謊者的話別人是不會相信的。（你的名子已經(jīng)被叫了好幾次了）When he was decorating his house, he got the bedroom painted first.（過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)） ↓表示動作已結(jié)束，被動關(guān)系（=the bedroom was painted first）當(dāng)他裝修他的房子時，他首先把臥室粉刷了。In order to finish it, he had the workers painting his bedroom all the day and night.為了完成它，他讓工人們從早一直干到晚。The boss had Tom clean the room.→ Tome was had to clean the room.（X） Tom was made to clean the room.（0）． 老板讓湯姆打掃房間。He found the city changed a lot.（過去分詞）他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個城市變化很大。What surprised me most was to see some of the village people seated（sitting）on the benches at the end of the room. 最使我驚奇的是看見村民們坐在房后的長凳上。
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