【正文】 32 M16 85 17 30 3放氣管 80 M16 100 17 30 3安全閥 80 M16 100 17 30 310 鞍座選型和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計第 25 頁 （共 32 頁）排污口 80 M16 100 17 30 3液相出口80 M16 100 17 30 3液相回流管80 M16 100 17 30 3液相進(jìn)口80 M16 100 17 30 3氣相管 80 M16 100 17 30 3壓力表口20 M12 75 13 24 溫度計口20 M12 75 13 24 10 鞍座選型和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計 鞍座選型常用臥式容器支座形式主要有鞍式支座,圈座和支腿三種。鞍式支座適用于較重的大設(shè)備，由一塊鞍形板、兩塊支撐板、一塊底板及一塊豎板組成。臥式設(shè)備一般用兩個鞍式支座支承，當(dāng)設(shè)備過長，超過兩個支座允許的支承范圍的，應(yīng)增加支座數(shù)目。所以本次設(shè)計選擇鞍式支座。估算鞍座的負(fù)荷：計算儲罐總重量 m=m1+2m2+m3+m4 (30)其中：m 1 為筒體質(zhì)量：對于 16MnR 普通碳素鋼，取 ρ=10 3kg/m350 液化石油氣儲罐設(shè)計第 26 頁（共 32 頁） ∴ m 1=πDLδρ (31) =π1810 3103= m2為單個封頭的質(zhì)量：查標(biāo)準(zhǔn) JB/T 47462022 《鋼制壓力容器用封頭》中標(biāo) EHA 橢圓形封頭質(zhì)量，可知 m2= m3為充液質(zhì)量：ρ 液化石油氣 ρ 水故 m3（max） =ρ 水 V=1000V (32) =1000（π/4 2+2）= m4為附件質(zhì)量：選取人孔后，查得人孔質(zhì)量為 331 kg，其他接管質(zhì)量總和估為 400 kg。選取輕型，焊制 A，包角為 120176。查 JB 表 3 得鞍座尺寸如表 5，示意圖如下圖：表 13 鞍座支座結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸公稱直徑DN 2600 腹板 δ 2 10 b4 500允許載荷Q/kN 440 l3 295 δ 4 10鞍座高度h 250筋板b2 268墊板e 12010 鞍座選型和結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計第 27 頁 （共 32 頁）l1 1800 b3 290螺栓間距l(xiāng)2 1640b1 300 δ 3 8螺孔/孔長D/l 20/40底板δ 1 14 弧長 3030 重量 kg 298圖 4 鞍座 鞍座位置的確定因為當(dāng)外伸長度 A= 時，雙支座跨距中間截面的最大彎矩和支座截面處的彎矩絕對值相等，從而使上述兩截面上保持等強(qiáng)度，考慮到支座截面處除彎矩以外的其他載荷，面且支座截面處應(yīng)力較為復(fù)雜，故常取支座處圓筒的彎矩略小于跨距中間圓筒的彎矩，通常取尺寸 A 不超過 值，為此中國現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn) JB 4731 《鋼制臥式容器》規(guī)定 A≤=（L+2h） ，A 最大不超過 伸端的作用將使支座截面處的應(yīng)力過大。此外，由于封頭的抗彎剛度大于圓筒的抗彎剛度，故封頭對于圓筒的抗彎剛度具有局部的加強(qiáng)作用。因此，JB 4731 還規(guī)定當(dāng)滿足 A≤ 時，最好使 A≤ m（R m=Ri+δ n/2） ，即 Rm=1716+18/2=1725mm 。11 焊接接頭的設(shè)計 筒體和封頭的焊接： b=0~2 p=2~36~20??70?采用 Y 型對接焊接頭和手工電弧焊，綜合考慮材料選用 16MnR焊條類型：E5018 ——鐵粉低氫鉀型圖 5 Y型坡口12 主要參數(shù)匯總表第 29 頁 （共 32 頁） 接管與筒體的焊接： b=2+ p=2+ 0145???1Ht??1kt2(8)c???(8)c??圖 6 帶補(bǔ)強(qiáng)圈焊接接頭結(jié)構(gòu)12 主要參數(shù)匯總表表 14 儲罐各項參數(shù)鋼制臥式容器 設(shè)計人 楊雪靜計算條件 簡圖設(shè)計壓力 P MP設(shè)計溫度 50 0C筒體材料名稱 16MnR(正火)封頭材料名稱 16MnR(熱軋)封頭類型 橢圓形筒體內(nèi)徑 2600 mm筒體長度 8500 mm筒體名義厚度 18 mm筒體厚度附加量 C 2 mm筒體焊接頭系數(shù) 1封頭名義厚度 18 mm筒體質(zhì)量 kg封頭質(zhì)量 kg50 液化石油氣儲罐設(shè)計第 30 頁（共 32 頁）封頭厚度附加量 2 mm鞍座材料名稱 16MnR鞍座寬度 500 mm鞍座包角 120 0C鞍座高度 H 250 mm支座形心至封頭切線距離A860 mm支座墊板名義厚度 14 mm儲罐底壁坡度 ~13 總結(jié)壓力容器的用途十分廣泛。壓力容器一般由筒體、封頭、法蘭、密封元件、開孔和接管、支座等六大部分構(gòu)成容器本體。壓力容器由于密封、承壓及介質(zhì)等原因，容易發(fā)生爆炸、燃燒起火而危及人員、設(shè)備和財產(chǎn)的安全及污染環(huán)境的事故。近兩個星期的液化石油氣儲罐設(shè)計，可以說是對自己綜合知識、能力的挑戰(zhàn)。在設(shè)計期間我鍛煉了很多，也收獲了很多！首先，通過液化石油氣儲罐的設(shè)計，我全面綜合的了解了液化石油氣的組成成分和各參數(shù)的確定。著手開始設(shè)計的那段時間確實比較痛苦，感覺無從下手。不管是筒體、封頭、鞍座、法蘭、接管還是螺栓螺柱，每一種結(jié)構(gòu)的設(shè)計都需要有相關(guān)工具書作指導(dǎo)和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的參考，設(shè)計起來的工作量很大。我按著設(shè)計的時間安排一步一步的完成設(shè)計?？傊?，這次的設(shè)計讓我們收獲的不只是知識，同時也是各種能力的提升與鍛煉。這鍛煉了我個人解決問題的能力，在有關(guān)經(jīng)驗型的知識上，如焊接接頭的選擇，開孔位置及補(bǔ)強(qiáng)等，指導(dǎo)老師給與了我很大幫助，再加上中途老師和老師在 CAD 制圖方面技術(shù)和技巧的指導(dǎo)、設(shè)計方面的答疑和幫助我們解決各種設(shè)計上的問題，這些對我們的設(shè)計都有很大的幫助！此外，幾位同學(xué)在文檔排版方面給與了我很大幫助，在此特向三位老師和同學(xué)表示衷心感謝！50 液化石油氣儲罐設(shè)計第 34 頁（共 32 頁）您好，為你提供優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)論文參考資料，請您刪除以下內(nèi)容，O(∩_∩)O 謝謝?。。 national survey was recently launched to evaluate the eye health of Chinese children andteenage June 6, China39。s digitized society, will also be attached on the report.Myopia is not only a disease that makes people see things blurrily, but also leads to severeplications, such as glaua (increased pressure within the eyeball), and can causeblindness, said Zhou Yuehua, an established eye care specialist with Beijing TongrenHospital.It is very important for parents and children to know about the risk and care for their eyes.There are about 450 million myopia patients in China. Among Chinese myopia patients,30million are severe patients, according to ZhouThe prevalence of myopia among high school and college students is more than 70 percent,and the situation is continuously worsening, he Zhu, director with the China Youth Development Service Center, said long hours ofstudy, lack of exercise, especially outdoor activities, and attachment to electronic screen aresome of the top reasons behind the widespread myopia problems, and the increase ofyounger patients, although China has made great progress in improving the hardwarefacilities and lighting conditions in said he hopes the survey will alert people on the threatening situation, and also helpmedical experts to better guideline parents and children39。s work can be a way to unwind. It is true for He Wenjun, whose workplace is right near the forest park. She discovered her athletic aptitude at the age of seven, when she began playing tennis. Then she turned to jogging, and she has persevered with it for 10 years. I e to jog almost every day after work, whenever I have time. I think jogging is good for my health. And for me, a girl, it helps me to achieve to eternal goal, to keep slim, He said. He says she prefers jogging alone, so she can focus better. She loves jogging, even during Beijing39。ll hold off jogging for a while. But if I really want to get away from work, I39。s health. Poor technique harms the muscles and skeleton, and can cause secondary injures. And, jogging in a bad environment can cause circulation problems, said Lu Zhiyong, attending doctor, Sports Hospital, General Admin. of . Lu has some tips for joggers, and those who are thinking of taking it says people should first evaluate their physical condition, to decide the amount and type of exercise, and jogging in the open air is better running on a treadmill. Conrad Macao will run special programs for the entire month of October this year to support the Hong Kong Cancer Fund39。t conducive to raising a child. She planned to have children once she had achieved career success so she could provide a stable environment for her baby. After 10 years, Xiao felt the time was right, and she tried to conceive for about six months, but was unable to bee pregnant. I conducted prehensive physical checkups. The results suggested that Xiao39。s suggestion that a special day be marked in the year for the global practice of the stressbusting regimen, which is already a multibillion dollar industry in the United States. Modi said in the speech: Yoga is an invaluable gift of Indi