【正文】 ileNew”或者點(diǎn)擊工具欄的新建文件按鈕，即可在項(xiàng)目窗口的右側(cè)打開一個(gè)新的文本編輯窗口，在該窗口中輸入?yún)R編語(yǔ)言源程序。(2) 建立工程文件：點(diǎn)擊“ProjectNew Project”菜單，出現(xiàn)一個(gè)對(duì)話框，要求給工程起一個(gè)名字，我們輸入bishe,不需要擴(kuò)展名，點(diǎn)擊保存按鈕，出現(xiàn)第二個(gè)對(duì)話框。回到主界面，此時(shí)，在工程窗口的文件頁(yè)中，出現(xiàn)了“Targ et1”，前面有“+”號(hào)，點(diǎn)擊“+”展開，可以看到下一層的“Source Group1”,這時(shí)的工程還是一個(gè)空工程，里面什么文件也沒有，需要手動(dòng)把剛才編寫好的源程序加入，點(diǎn)擊“Souce Group”使其反白顯示，然后，點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)右鍵，出現(xiàn)一個(gè)下拉菜單。將文件加入項(xiàng)目，注意，在文件加入項(xiàng)目后，該對(duì)話框并不消失，等待繼續(xù)加入其他文件，但初學(xué)時(shí)常會(huì)認(rèn)為操作沒有成功而再次雙擊同一文件，這時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)對(duì)話框，提示你所選的文件以在列表中，此時(shí)點(diǎn)擊確定，返回前一對(duì)話框，然后，點(diǎn)擊”Close”即可返回主界面，返回后，點(diǎn)擊“Souce Goup 1”前的加號(hào)， 文件以在其中。(3) 工程的詳細(xì)設(shè)置：首先點(diǎn)擊左邊Project窗口的Target 1,然后使用菜單“ProgetOption for target ‘target 1’”即出現(xiàn)對(duì)工程設(shè)置的對(duì)話框，對(duì)這個(gè)對(duì)話框可謂非常復(fù)雜，共有8個(gè)頁(yè)面，要全部高清可不容易，好在絕大部分設(shè)置項(xiàng)取默認(rèn)值就行了。(4) 編譯、連接：在設(shè)置好工程后，既可以進(jìn)行編譯、連接。編譯過(guò)程中的信息將出現(xiàn)在輸出窗口中的Build頁(yè)中，如果源程序有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，會(huì)有錯(cuò)誤報(bào)告出現(xiàn)，雙擊該行，可以定到出錯(cuò)的位置，對(duì)源程序反復(fù)修改后，最終會(huì)得到如圖51所示的結(jié)果，該文件即可被編程器讀入并寫到芯片中，同時(shí)還產(chǎn)生了一些其他相關(guān)文件可被用于KEIL的仿真與調(diào)試。(2) 匯編出現(xiàn)數(shù)字、字母混淆解決方法：字母“O” 和數(shù)字 “0”的混淆(3) 程序調(diào)試時(shí)，一些程序必須滿足一定的條件才能被執(zhí)行到解決方法：這些條件往往是異步發(fā)生或難以預(yù)先設(shè)定的，這類問題使用的單步實(shí)行方法是很難調(diào)試的，這時(shí)就要使用程序調(diào)試中的另一種非常重要是方法斷點(diǎn)設(shè)置。在程序行設(shè)置/移除斷點(diǎn)的方法是將光標(biāo)定位于需要設(shè)置斷點(diǎn)的程序行，使用菜單Debug/Insert/RemoveBreakPoint設(shè)置或移除斷點(diǎn)（也可以用鼠標(biāo)在該行雙擊實(shí)現(xiàn)同樣的功能）；Debug/Enable/Disable BreakPoint是開啟或暫停光標(biāo)所在懂行的斷點(diǎn)功能；Dubug/Disale All BreakPoint暫停所有斷點(diǎn)；Debug/Kill All BreakPoint清除所有的斷點(diǎn)設(shè)置。(4) 輸入程序時(shí)，有中文標(biāo)點(diǎn)，用keil編譯時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤解決方法：程序里有帶中文標(biāo)點(diǎn)，用英文重輸入一遍。本論文在對(duì)氣體傳感器和報(bào)警技術(shù)進(jìn)行深入研究的基礎(chǔ)上，全面比較國(guó)內(nèi)外同類產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)，合理地確定系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)方案。本論文設(shè)計(jì)的煙霧報(bào)警器由氣體信號(hào)采集電路、溫度信號(hào)采集電路與單片機(jī)控制電路三大部分構(gòu)成。該傳感器是對(duì)以烷類氣體為主的多種氣體有良好敏感特性的廣譜型半導(dǎo)體敏感器件。在系統(tǒng)單片機(jī)控制電路的設(shè)計(jì)上，采用了STC89C52單片機(jī)作為核心芯片，充分利用了其高速數(shù)據(jù)處理能力和豐富的片內(nèi)外設(shè)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了儀器的小型化和智能化。由于氣體傳感器需要在加熱狀態(tài)下工作，溫度越高，反應(yīng)越快，響應(yīng)時(shí)間和恢復(fù)時(shí)間就越快。本報(bào)警器能實(shí)現(xiàn)范圍檢測(cè)工作，當(dāng)煙霧的濃度達(dá)到設(shè)定的濃度以及溫度達(dá)到設(shè)定值時(shí)，發(fā)出聲光報(bào)警。 沈陽(yáng)理工大學(xué)學(xué)士學(xué)位論文致謝通過(guò)這一階段的努力，我的畢業(yè)論文《基于單片機(jī)的煙霧報(bào)警裝置設(shè)計(jì)》終于完成了，這意味著大學(xué)生活即將結(jié)束。在本論文的寫作過(guò)程中，我的導(dǎo)師杜焱，廉哲老師傾注了大量的心血，從選題到開題報(bào)告，從寫作提綱，到一遍又一遍地指出每稿中的具體問題，嚴(yán)格把關(guān)，循循善誘，在此我表示衷心感謝。寫作畢業(yè)論文是一次再系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程，畢業(yè)論文的完成，同樣也意味著新的學(xué)習(xí)生活的開始。參考文獻(xiàn)[1] [M]..[2] 陳愛萍,何智勇,[J].1999(7)[3] [M]..[4] [M]..[5] 樓然苗,[J]..[6] [M]..[7] [M]..[8] [M].[1].[9] [M]..[10]吳丙申,[M]..[11] [M]..附錄ANew HighAccurac0y LowCost Approach for tanδ OnlineMonitoring Based on MCUAbstract Through analyzing the principle of microcurrent sensor and the shortage of zeroflux microcurrent sensor, a new online monitoring method of dielectric tangent of loss angle (tanδ) based on passive microcurrent sensor technology is presented. This method can not only overe difficulties existing in the manufacturing sensors of the high precision relative scale difference and the high precision angular difference which is often necessary in online monitoring of insulation dielectric tanδ, but also can achieve high precision at low cost. This method bines the balance measurement principle and potential puter difference measuring technology, and it can be easily realized by using microcontroller unit (MCU). It also adopts anticircumstance electromagnetic interference and intelligent diagnostic techniques in the course of measurement, so it possesses great antiinterference ability under strong electromagnetic interference environment. Both the principle analysis and the onsite test have proved that this measure method can reach goodtanδ monitoring precision.Index Terms Balance measurement principle, Dielectric loss, High voltage and insulation engineering, Online measurement, Zeroflux, Microcurrent sensor.I. INTRODUCTIONIT will be a great technical advance in power system safelyworking if electric equipment insulation onlinemonitoring could carry into effect, it is worth to researchand develop deeply. There are more than twenty years ofdevelopment of the power equipment online monitoringmeasurement in China. Many universities and institutes arepaying attention to new methods in this field. Now theresearch is focus on technology of signal obtaining andprocessing, and also reducing molestation. The way ofsignal obtaining is to measure current which passed thecapacitance equipment by microcurrent sensor. Microcurrentsensors used in this way always are no energy, their intensityof iron core magnetic inductions is affected by temporal inputcurrent and load characteristic easily. This brings unsteadinessof sensor39。s angle differenceby signal processing technology and data fusion technology. It is also a brainteaser to obtain a steadiness and accuratetanδmeasurement of online monitoring. It is important if anew tanδonline monitoring method could be found to applyon it.Owing to the difficulties existing in the manufacture ofsensor and microcurrent dielectric loss tanδmeasurementmethods have not been resolved until now, which blocks thepopularization of the insulation online monitoring technology. Based on the existing status of insulation online monitoringmicrocurrent sensor and dielectric loss tanδmonitoringmeasuring technique, this paper proposes a low cost highprecision online dielectric loss tanδmonitoring measurementmethod.II. PRINCIPLE OF MICROCURRENT SENSOR AND ANALYSIS OF EXISTING PROBLEMCurrent sensor39。s equivalent circuit. In Bm is the intensity of iron core magnetic induction. Relative scale difference of current sensor f is the relative error of converted secondary current at rated ratio to primary current with the primary practicable current, .:The angular difference of current sensor is obtained by reversing the phase angle of secondary current, then subtracting the primary practicable phase angel. Theoretically the error of current sensor mostly caused by field current lo. From and , it can be seen that because , then , which causes relative scale difference and angular difference. If=0, there is no field current, then current sensor will be in the ideal condition and the phase angle difference between primary current and secondary current is 180α, so angular difference and relative scale difference will not exist. Based on this theory the zero flux microcurrent sensor is designed for insulation online monitoring at the present time. By dynamic tracking field current change and using negative feedback technology, it will automatically pensate the m