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牢記什么是定語(yǔ)從句,什么是同位語(yǔ)從句-閱讀頁(yè)

2024-09-25 17:57本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 但在使用和理解方面有時(shí)會(huì)產(chǎn)生一定困難,下面就同位語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成和用法作較系統(tǒng)歸納: 1.名詞、形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞詞組、分句等都可以帶有自己的同位語(yǔ)。 He became more thrifty— more attentive to the expenses of life— than he had been.(形容詞thrifty 帶同位語(yǔ))他比過(guò)去更為節(jié)儉,更注意生活開(kāi)支。 The old lady always murmurs— that is, speaks in a very low voice.(動(dòng)詞 murmurs 帶同位語(yǔ))這位老太太總是小聲說(shuō)話,也就是說(shuō)用很低的聲音說(shuō)話。 As long as there is an internal pressure, i. e., so long as the rocket burns itspropellent, it will continue to go faster and faster.( As long as 引出的條件從句帶同位語(yǔ))只要有內(nèi)壓力,即只要火箭筒內(nèi)的推進(jìn)劑不斷燃燒,它就會(huì)運(yùn)行得越來(lái)越快。 同位語(yǔ)可分限制性同位語(yǔ)( restrictive)和非限制性同位語(yǔ)( nonrestrictive)。非限制性同位語(yǔ)則相反。杰斐遜也許不像喬治林肯那樣著名。 His old dream of going round the world came back, but this time he would sail(介詞 of 引出動(dòng)名詞作同位語(yǔ))他周游世界的宿愿重又被喚起,不過(guò)這一次他是要駕船環(huán)游。 The news that we are having a holiday tomorrow is not true.(從句作同位語(yǔ)。)我們明天放假的消息是不真實(shí)的。 3.同位語(yǔ)可由逗號(hào)、破折號(hào)、冒號(hào)、連詞 or、本身無(wú)意義的 of 等引導(dǎo);可由表示等同關(guān)系的 namely(或 viz.), that is(或 i. e., ie), that is to say, in other words, for short, to wit,等;表示舉例或列舉的 for example, for in stance(或 e. g., eg) such as, say, let us say,including 等;表示突出某點(diǎn)的 especially, particularly, chiefly, mostly, mainly 等等引導(dǎo)。例如: The big fellow was Jim Thorpe, the greatest American athlete of moderntimes.(同位語(yǔ)由逗號(hào)引出)這位大個(gè)子就是現(xiàn)代美國(guó)最偉大的運(yùn)動(dòng)員吉姆 The train finally arrived and two young men—— one big and broad, the othersmall and slight——stepped onto the platform.(破折號(hào)引出同位語(yǔ))火車終于到站,兩位年輕人 —— 一位大個(gè)兒,體格魁梧;另一位,小個(gè)兒,長(zhǎng)相瘦弱 —— 踏上了月臺(tái)。 Professor Wang is an expert in linguistics, or the science of language.( or 引出同位語(yǔ))王教授是位語(yǔ)言學(xué) —— 即語(yǔ)言科學(xué) —— 專家。 He is a butcher— that is to say, a man who kills, cuts up, and sells animals for food.( that is to say 引出同位語(yǔ))他是位屠夫,就是說(shuō),以屠宰動(dòng)物賣肉為生的人。 Most people in our pany, particularly Tom and Jane, are good at danc ing.( particularly引出同位語(yǔ))我們公司的大部分員工,尤其是湯姆和簡(jiǎn),都很會(huì)跳舞。另外, thought,order, story 等詞帶有同位語(yǔ)從同時(shí),常和它所說(shuō)明的成分分隔開(kāi)來(lái),這種情況一般在同位語(yǔ)從句是較長(zhǎng)的一串詞而句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞很短時(shí)出現(xiàn),目的是為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)的平衡。 The thought came to him that he should immediately leave the hotel.(同位語(yǔ)放在句后)一個(gè)念頭出現(xiàn)在他腦際,他應(yīng)立即離開(kāi)酒
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