畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯--隧道工程docx-公路隧道-閱讀頁
2025-06-05 23:15本頁面
【正文】 construction. It is also one of the most expensive projects. For this reason, extensive planning and surveying goes into the preexcavation stage of the project. 2. Tunnel Types and Tunnel Structures Tunnel Types The response of the ground to the excavation of an opening can vary widely. Based on the type of ground in which tunneling take place, four principal types of tunneling may be defined: . Cutandcover tunneling shown in . In such tunneling the ground acts only passively as a dead load applied to tunnel which is to (a) (b) Fig. 1 CutandCover Tunnels (Source: Photo provided by , 2020) (a) A twolane tunnel, Haiyou Tunnel。 . Circle structures This type of shielddriven tunnel is widely used in constructing metros in soft ground and has a number of advantages pared with other types of structures. First and foremost, the circle structure is more economical and very convenient in construction. The driving shield machines are easy to be made and operated and more reasonable in distribution of internal forces pared with other structure shapes. . Rectangular and horseshoe structures This type of structure is not widely adopted since it is more plicated and expensive. Furthermore, the distribution of internal forces is not simple either. . DOT structures The DOT structures shield has just e to Shanghai and will be used widely in the construction of metros. illustrates the structure of it. 附錄一 中英文翻譯 10 Fig. 6 Structure of DOT Shield (Source: Photo provided by , 2020) 3. Future Development Owing to the high level of economic development and huge investments in infrastructures in China, the construction of extra long tunnels and large underground works will be needed in future. Key future projects include the Qiongzhou Strait Tunnel in Hainan, the crossing project of bridges and tunnels in Bohai Gulf with some highway tunnels longer than 10km, metros in more than 20 cities, Xiluodu Hydro Power station, Jingping Hydro power station and Shanghai Chongming big tunnel etc. The construction of these projects not only brings new opportunities for the tunneling industry, but also presents a challenge to engineers in China. It is believed that the tunneling technique in China will have great advances in near future.
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