【正文】 y new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species. Crossbreeding can take such a long time, however, and it is inaccurate. Now, we can change exact sections of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), so the process is more accurate and faster. But people all over the world are arguing about its benefits and disadvantages. Some people use the technology to produce desired characteristics of plants and animals. Other people are concerned that the genetically engineered plants may harm the environment and worried that they may be dangerous for people to eat. Some genetically engineered plants are more nutritious. They have less fat, taste better or stay fresher than nongenetically engineered plants. This will allow people to buy betterquality fruit and vegetables. However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems. Genetically engineered plants that resist pests may pass on that characteristic to a wild relative. This may cause the wild plant to spread fast, because pests are not naturally killing it. To ensure the most adapted varieties are identified, advocates of organic breeding now promote the use of direct selection for many desired characteristics.beautify the environmentB.produce new plant varietiesD.the sections of DNA are changedB.manpower and resources are wastedanimals are produced using the technology（3）The author39。doubtfuldisapprovingobjectivesupportive（4）Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? Sp：Subpoint （次要點）B.D.科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。根據(jù)第一段中的”Plant breeders try to create a specific oute of plants and potentially new plant varieties by changing the genes of the plants through breeding, which is making new plants from parents of different varieties or species.“植物育種家試圖通過育種改變植物的基因來創(chuàng)造植物和潛在的新植物品種的特定結(jié)果，即從不同品種或物種的親本培育新植物，可知植物育種的目的是生產(chǎn)新的植物品種，故選C。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的”However, genetically engineered plants can cause unexpected problems.“可知作者認為雜交是錯誤的，是因為有時會產(chǎn)生問題，故選B。根據(jù)最后一段中的”Genetic engineering is a very new science and we have a lot to learn about the good it can do and the damage it can cause. The main concern is that not enough tests are being done to ensure it is safe.“基因工程是一門非常新的科學(xué)，關(guān)于它能帶來的好處和它能造成的破壞，我們有很多東西要學(xué)習(xí)。由此推斷出，作者對雜交的態(tài)度是客觀的，故選C。第一段引出了基因工程這個話題，接下來從三個方面說明了基因工程的益處，又從兩個方面闡述了基因工程的弊端，故選A。7．閱讀理解 The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典) lexicographers(詞典編纂者) are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively. What is a lexicographer? What do you guys do all day?re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions. Drafting definitions requires some training, some experience and a lot of concentration. It39。 How closely do the most lookedup words on your online dictionary seem to be related to the news or trends?dictionary editors spend so much time writing definitions but never could have known if anyone ever read them. We could follow what people were thinking about according to what words they were looking up. Thanks to our online dictionary, we had data.（1）What do lexicographers do? A.They interview as many people as they can to collect new words.C.They make deep studies of social and cultural trends.（2）What39。 records during their reading? A.The records contain what kind of things they read.C.The records offer the raw material to the editors.（3）Which of the following is the correct order of a lexicographer defining a word? a. Write a draft of the definition.b. Conclude the usage of the word.c. Pay attention to the new words and new senses.d. Decide whether the usage has been covered.A.B.C.D.Observers of the language.Process of making a dictionary.C.D. （1）細節(jié)理解題。詞典編輯的工作是準(zhǔn)備和提出關(guān)于語言的研究。)可知，詞曲編纂者研究語言，編輯關(guān)于文字的真相。 （2）推理判斷題。re looking for are words that catch our eye. We record the context of these words and information about the sources. Those records are added to a database, and they are the raw material we use in writing definitions.（我們要找的是能引起我們注意的詞。這些記錄被添加到數(shù)據(jù)庫中，它們是我們編寫定義時使用的原材料。故選D。根據(jù)第六段中We define a word according to how it is used in the recorded context, deciding whether the usage has been covered by our dictionary. Once this is done, you look at the new words and new senses and draft a definition.（我們根據(jù)一個單詞在記載的上下文中如何使用來定義它，決定這個用法是否已經(jīng)被我們的字典所涵蓋。）可知，首先是總結(jié)出這個詞的用法，第二步是決定是否涵蓋了使用情況，第三步是收集新單詞和新含義，然后寫含義，故選C。根據(jù)第二、三段The MerriamWebster(韋氏詞典)lexicographers(詞典編纂者)are part of a team that edits the dictionary. In a recent interview, Sokolowski and Stamper talked about their job and what the way we use words says about us collectively.（韋氏詞典編纂者是編輯該詞典的一個團隊的成員。）和So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background.（所以為了更多地了解這些語言的觀察者，也許我們應(yīng)該從一些背景知識開始。故選A。本文涉及細節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題和主旨大意題三種常考題型。推理判斷題結(jié)合上下文綜合推理。8．閱讀短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。 Throughout our daily lives, we have known plenty of people and will know more. But how can we tell if someone is trustworthy? In a paper published recently in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, researcher gave us the answer. Why might guilt lead to trustworthy behavior? The researchers found people who were guiltprone also reported feeling an obligation to act in ethical (合乎道德的) and responsible ways while interacting (互動) with their partners in the game. People who are guiltprone tend to avoid engaging in behavior that might harm or disappoint others. If they do something bad, guilt encourage