【正文】 to restore? A.Just four decades.C.Only 27 years.（4）What can be a suitable title for this text? A.B.The future of the Buffalo RiverRiver protection: A long way to go【答案】 （1）B（2）C（3）A（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了被污染的the Buffalo River的恢復(fù)。根據(jù)第一段中的”never gave up on their polluted river—the Buffalo River gradually went from being considered a lost cause to a place worth fighting for.“；第二段中的”By the 1960s，the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes. The Buffalo River had caught fire many times. The surface had an oily layer，and any fish caught there were not eatable.“可知，the Buffalo River過(guò)去是一條被嚴(yán)重污染的河。 （2）考查推理判斷。d chase down dumpers(垃圾車)he spotted on the Buffalo River. By 1966 he found himself winning the National Wildlife Federation39。故選C。根據(jù)第一段中的“It took decades for public perception of the river to shift.”公眾對(duì)這條河的看法改變花了幾十年的時(shí)間；第二段中的“By the 1960s，the river was seen as one of the worst sources of pollution pouring into the Great Lakes.”到了20世紀(jì)60年代，這條河被認(rèn)為是五大湖最嚴(yán)重的污染源之一。s water quality has restored，”到目前為止，布法羅河的水質(zhì)已經(jīng)恢復(fù)”可知，這條河花了多半個(gè)世紀(jì)才恢復(fù)。 （4）考查主旨大意。s water quality has restored，but it is still an ongoing issue，as sewage(污水)can overflow into the river after storms. Habitat restoration continues as well；fish and plantings are still being sampled to measure how well it39。綜上可知，本文講述的是被污染的the Buffalo River的恢復(fù)。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，概括歸納，從而選出正確答案。City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study finds. Over their lifetimes, then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO2 from the air than forest trees. Studies had shown forests readily absorb CO2, but there hadn39。To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree39。s waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years39。City trees grew faster because they had less petition for light from their neighbors. In a forest，trees tend to grow close together，shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels of nitrogen (氮)in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gasburning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the underground water pipes can leak.（1）What can he known about CO2 from paragraph 2? A.It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.C.It prevents the earth from being unsuitable to live on.（2）Why did researchers track the diameters of trees? A.To find out how much they weigh.C.To assess the carbon amounts in them.（3）What advantage do city trees have over forest trees? A.They can enjoy more water ing from the air.C.They are better at peting for light.（4）What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued? A.B.How trees respond to dry soil conditions.D.一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：與長(zhǎng)在森林中的樹木相比，城市里的樹木長(zhǎng)得更快，但死得更早。根據(jù)第二段中的“the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CO2.”可知，如果沒(méi)有二氧化碳，地球?qū)?huì)極冷或極熱。故選D。根據(jù)第四段中的“To figure on how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters.”可知，研究人員監(jiān)測(cè)樹木的直徑是為了了解樹木的生長(zhǎng)速度。 （3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。光、氮和水都可以促進(jìn)樹木的生長(zhǎng)。故選A。首句就提到了一項(xiàng)新的研究結(jié)果：城市里的樹木比森林中的樹木長(zhǎng)得更快，但死得更早；文章第三段說(shuō)到“以前有研究表明森林會(huì)吸收二氧化碳，但是城市里的樹木的生長(zhǎng)、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速度是否跟森林中的樹木一樣，這方面的數(shù)據(jù)不多。由此可以推斷，文章接下來(lái)很可能就要介紹城市里的樹木死得更早的原因。 【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。 Words and the way we use them offer a rare window on social and cultural trends. Kory Stamper and Peter Sokolowski know that better than most. So to know more about them, observers of the language, maybe we should start with some background. Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me. Stamper: The two main duties of a lexicographer are reading and defining. We read everything: books, journals, blogs, phone books, takeout menus, and so on. What we39。 When we are writing or revising a dictionary, most of our time is spent defining. We define a word according to how it is used in the recorded context, deciding whether the usage has been covered by our dictionary. Once this is done, you look at the new words and new senses and draft a definition.s very, very quiet on the editorial floor. Stamper: When our dictionary went online back in 1996, we could see for the first time which were the most lookedup words in English: Affect, effect and ubiquitous were the top words. It was fascinating to us173。They collect as many words as they can and edit them into a dictionary.B.They do research about language and edit the truth about words.D.s the function of lexicographers39。The records show how large the dictionary is.B.The records are the main things to add to the database.D.adbcdbacbdcacbda（4）What does this passage mainly talk about? A.B.Development of language.Experience of editing new words.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文主要講述的是語(yǔ)言的觀察者——詞典編纂者。根據(jù)What is a lexicographer?中Sokolowski: A lexicographer is a person who writes or edits a dictionary. The job of a dictionary editor is to prepare and present research about language. One of our former editorsin chief said, Tell the truth about words, and that sums it up for me.(詞典編纂者是編寫或編輯詞典的人。我們的一位前主編說(shuō):說(shuō)出關(guān)于文字的真相，這就是我的總結(jié)。故選C。根據(jù)What do you guys do all day?中What we39。我們記錄這些單詞的上下文和關(guān)于來(lái)源的信息。）可知，詞典編纂者在閱讀過(guò)程中記錄的作用是這些記錄為編輯提供了原始資料。 （3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。一旦這樣做了，你會(huì)看到新的單詞和新的含義，然后起草一個(gè)定義。 （4）主旨大意題