【正文】 ks experience is ，這是顯然的。He realized that she too was 。Bob has the mistaken idea that tomorrow is a 。It is natural that they should have different 。What he had hoped at last came 。What he says is true, 。What I want to say is 。That’s what I want to 。I managed to get what I 。There’s something in what he 。He was always conscious of the fact that she did not approve of what he was 。如: Have you any idea what time it starts? 你知道什么時候開始嗎? 學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句的應(yīng)注意的關(guān)鍵點一是從句作主語，主句謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)；二是主語從句通常用it作形式主語，尤其是在It is +名詞 / 形容詞 / 過去分詞+that?中，或在It seems / happens that?中，或疑問句中；三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不用形式主語。一是除that, whether和疑問詞外，as, as if, as though, because也可引導(dǎo)表語從句； 二要注意“that’s why+結(jié)果”以及“that’s because+原因”的區(qū)別； 三是注意the reason(why / for?)is that?句式。英語基礎(chǔ)語法——名詞性從句一、名詞性從句的基本概念在復(fù)合句中起名詞作用的從句叫名詞性從句，包括作主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句和同位語從句。主語從句常用that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how, why, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)。That China is a great socialist country is well ，中國是一個偉大的社會主義國家。如上述第二例常說成：It is well known that China is a great socialist ，由連接代詞what, whatever, whoever等引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般不能用形式主語。Whoever is finished may 。引導(dǎo)表語從句的連接除與引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞外，還有as if，as though。It looks as if(though)it is going to 。 reason why /for?is that? He is ’s because he is ，這是因為他生病了。The reason why he is absent is that he is 。引導(dǎo)這賓語從句的連接詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的連接詞基本相同。I am sure(that)no harm will ever e to 。注意：當(dāng)think, believe, suppose等的疑問式后面跟連接代詞或連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時，習(xí)慣上將這些連接詞置于句首，即“連接代/副詞＋do you think /believe /expect＋賓語從句的其余部分？”如：Who do you think is the best player this year? 你認(rèn)為今年誰是最佳運動員? What do you suppose you will do after school? 你想放學(xué)后干什么？(4)同位語從句就是在句中作同位語的從句。同位語從句大多由that引導(dǎo)，也可由whether, how, when, where, why等引導(dǎo)，但不能由which引導(dǎo)。He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or 。注：有時，同位語從句并不緊跟在它所說明的詞的后面。二、名詞性從句的基本要素 就是引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)連接詞。：有“是否”之意，但不作句子成分；引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，還可用if。：when, where, why, how等，有意義，在從句中作狀語。注意：連接詞必須位于從句的最前面。必須與陳述句語序相同：主語＋謂語動詞。誤：I don’t know where has she ：I don’t know where she has 若主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時時，賓語從句的謂語動詞可根據(jù)情況使用各種時態(tài)；若主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，其謂語動詞必須用某種過去時態(tài)。(had不能用has)注：賓語從句是一個客觀真理時，可以不一致。八種賓語從句不省略that引導(dǎo)賓語從句的that在下列情況下一般不省略： 。如：He said(that)the book was very interesting and that(不省略)all the children like to read ，所有小孩都喜歡讀。如：I think it necessary that he should stay 。如：He has no special fault except that he smokes too ,沒有什么特別的毛病。如：That our team will win, I 。如： He replied that he 。如：He asked what you were doing last 。Can you explain why he didn’t e to the party last Sunday? 你能解釋上周星期日他為什么沒有來參加聚會嗎？在賓語從句中須注意： 在口語中常被省略，但在正式的文體中，不能省；并且它一般不能引導(dǎo)介詞的賓語從句，但可引導(dǎo)except, but, in 等少數(shù)介詞的賓語從句。I will do anything I can to help you except that I’m ，我愿做任何事情來幫助你。如：The boy has made it clear that they can’t play with his 。He asked that we(should)get there before nine o’。如： He always says that he is our good 。2)當(dāng)主句謂語動詞的時態(tài)為過去時，從句的謂語動詞須用響應(yīng)的過去時。He said he had read the 。如(from )：Chairman Mao said that all the imperialists are paper 。同位語從句學(xué)習(xí)指要當(dāng)名詞后面所接的從句表示與名詞同位并為名詞的實際內(nèi)容時，這個從句就是同位語從句。He told us the truth that he fell down from his bike this 。如：Hw sent us a message that he won’t e next ，下周他不來了。“命令、建議、要求” advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, remendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish 等名詞的同位語，須用虛擬語氣。Soon came the order that all the people should obey the ，所有的人不得違犯制度。同位語從句的前面一般是數(shù)量有限的、表示抽象意義的名詞；而定語從句的先行詞是無數(shù)的指人或物名詞。同位語從句表示同位名詞的具體內(nèi)容；而定語從句是對先行詞—名詞的限制、描繪或說明。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that是連詞，在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，但不能省略；而引導(dǎo)定語從句的that為關(guān)系代詞，在從句中擔(dān)任句子的某種成分，當(dāng)擔(dān)任定語從句中的賓語時，that可以省略。定語從句不能用what, how, whether引導(dǎo)；而同位從句可以用what, how, whether引導(dǎo)(from )。同位語從句可充當(dāng)同位名詞的表語；而定語從句不能充當(dāng)先行詞的表語。如：My idea is that he can teach children English in this 。表語從句中應(yīng)注意：，但當(dāng)主句中含動詞do的某種形式時，that可以省略。：advice, demand, decision, desire, idea, insistence, instruction, order, plan, proposal, remendation, request, requirement, suggestion, wish等名詞時，表語從句須用虛擬語氣，即：should +do。主語從句學(xué)習(xí)指要用來作主語的句子叫做主語從句。(2)What he did last night is being 。如：(1)It is possible that he has stolen the 。如： It is uncertain if he will leave for Beijing 。如： That he was ill yesterday is known 。(2)What he wants is all 。如(from )：(1)How he worked it out is still a (2)What they makes in this factory are TV 。如：(1)He asked how he could find his 。注意2 連接詞的選用問題A．that，whether，if，as if(限用于表語從句)都不作句子的任何成分。that 一般用于確定的語氣中，引導(dǎo)賓語從句時，口語中的that可省略，而其他情況中的that一般不可?。欢鴚hether，if一般用于不確定的語句中。(2)I don’t know whether / if he will 。B．whether和if 1)whether可用于任何名詞性從句中，而一般只能用于賓語從句中。如：(1)Whether he will e or not doesn’t matter.—It doesn’t matter whether he will e or 。如(1)I’m not sure whether / if he can overe the 。3)若用if會產(chǎn)生歧義時，則用whether。(2)Let me know if he will ：告訴我他是否會來。4)whether可與不定式連用，而if不可以。如：(1)They are talking about whether they will take part in the 。(以上兩個句子中的whether 不能用if替換)6)賓語從句若為否定句，連接詞則用if 而不用whether。C．連接代詞、連接副詞都作句子的成分，因此，選用時須確定從句是否缺少成分，然后再確定選用適當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞。名詞性從句用法詳解一、概說名詞性從句，即指性質(zhì)相當(dāng)于名詞的從句，它包括主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。二、名詞性從句的一般引導(dǎo)詞 that 只起連接作用，沒有任何意思，也不充當(dāng)句子成分，在賓語從句中可省略，但引導(dǎo)其他名詞性從句時通常不省略。That he likes you is very 。如(from )：He asked whether [if] I would show him the 。(引導(dǎo)主語從句，不能用 if 代替 whether) who(m), whose, which, what 等，均有各自的意義，在從句中作主語、賓語、定語等。When we arrive doesn39。Tell me which one you like 。如： The question is how we should carry out the 。Why he did it will remain a puzzle 。它引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句有兩個意思是：一是表示“什么”，帶有疑問意味；二是表示“?所?的”，相當(dāng)于一個先行詞后接一個關(guān)系代詞。I don’t know what you want is 。如： I gave him what books I 。注：what 后的名詞可以是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，但通常不能是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，并且后接不可數(shù)名詞時，有時可有l(wèi)ittle修飾，兩者的區(qū)別是：what+不可數(shù)名詞=所有的都，what little+不可數(shù)名詞=雖少但全部。We gave him what(little)help we 。如：Whoever wants the book may have 。Buy whichever is 。誤：Who es will be wele./ Anyone es will be ：Whoever es will be wele./ Anyone who es will be ，它們也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，其意為“無論?”、“不管?”，其意相當(dāng)于 no matter who [what, which]。(whatever = no matter what)He won39。(whoever = no matter who)注：whoever 既用作主格也用作賓語；作賓語時不宜用 whomever，因為在現(xiàn)代英語中 whomever 這個已幾乎廢棄不用。兩者均可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)的原因。t ，因此我沒來。五、名詞性從句的語序名詞性從句的詞序與陳述句語序相同，尤其注意那些由連接代詞who(m), whose, which, what