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2007年考研英語英譯漢真題及解析-在線瀏覽

2024-10-25 03:42本頁面
  

【正文】 munity have no economic these creatures are members of the biotic munity and, if its stability depends on its integrity, they are entitled to one of these noneconomic categories is threatened and, if we happen to love invert excuses to give it economic the beginning of century songbirds were supposed to be disappearing.(46)It is painful to read these round about accounts have no land ethic yet,(47)but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should A parallel situation exists in respect of predatory mammals and fisheating birds.(48)Time was when biologists somewhat over worded the evidence that these Some species of tree have been read out of the party by economicsminded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale vale to pay as timber crops.(49)To sum up: a system of conservation based solely on economic selfinterest is hopelessly lopsided.(50)It assumes, falsely, I think, that the economic parts of the biotic clock will function without the uneconomic 解析:(46)Scientists jumped to the rescue with some distinctly shaky evidence to the effect that insects would eat us up if birds failed to control to the rescue迅速的其來援救shaky不可靠的,站不住腳的to the effect 大意是;大致是說eat us up 吃掉我們【解析】本題考查的知識點是:固定短語、同位語從句、狀語從句、從句嵌套、根據(jù)上下文確定詞義。因此,在翻譯時?!咀g文】科學家們急忙介入,但提出的證據(jù)顯然站不住腳,其大意是,如果鳥類不能控制昆蟲的數(shù)量,昆蟲便會吞噬我們?nèi)祟?。介詞短語譯成句子(regardless of ?)介詞短語作定語或狀語時,往往是定語從句或狀語從句的簡略形式,譯成漢語時,可拆開分譯。(48)Time was when biologists somewhat overworked the evidence that these creatures preserve the health of game by killing the physically weak, or that they prey only on “worthless” was when:曾幾何時overwork 濫用game 獵物,野禽,野味prey on捕食worthless 沒有價值的【解析】本題考核的知識點是:固定用法、同位語從句的翻譯【譯文】有些證據(jù)表明:這些生物殺死體弱者來保持種群的健康,或者說它們僅僅捕食“沒有價值”的物種。(49)In Europe, where forestry is ecologically more advanced, the nonmercial tree species are recognized as members of native forest munity, to be preserved as such, with :沒有經(jīng)濟價值的tree species:樹種native:當?shù)氐腶s such:如此,像這樣的within reason:合理的【解析】考核的知識點是:非限定性定語從句、固定短語結(jié)構(gòu)的辨析 such as 和 as such 兩者詞序相反,意義區(qū)別很大。(50)It tends to ignore, and thus eventually to eliminate, many elements in the land munity that lack mercial value, but that are essential to its healthy functioning.【解析】本題考核的知識點是:定語從句、不定式tend to 傾向;往往element 物種in the land munity 在陸地群落中functioning 動作;運行【譯文】這種保護體系往往忽視陸地群落中諸多商業(yè)價值但對其健康運作至關(guān)重要的物種,而最終導致它們的滅絕。他指出,想要簡潔明了地表達自己觀點的時候,他總會遇到很大的困難。他認為自己完全不具備杰出的赫胥黎那樣的反應(yīng)速度和理解力。鑒于此,他曾深信自己在數(shù)學方面本來就不該獲得成功。48)另一方面,批評家指責他盡管善于觀察,但卻不能推理,對此,他并不接受且認為毫無依據(jù)。他承認,如果不具備推理能力,沒有人能夠?qū)懗鲞@樣的書?!?9)他謙虛地補充道,或許他“和普通人比起來,更能夠注意到那些別人容易忽略的細節(jié),更能夠?qū)Υ思右宰屑氂^察”。到三十多歲的時候,詩歌帶給他極大的快樂以前,繪畫也能給他帶來興致,而音樂能給他無窮的樂趣。我也幾乎快要喪失了自己對音樂和繪畫的品味了。2009年真題參考譯文每個人在與別人共同生活中所受到的教育和有意識地對年輕人進行的教育,這兩者有明顯的區(qū)別。46)可以說,要衡量任何社會制度的價值,就要看它對擴大和改進經(jīng)驗方面的影 1響,但是這種影響并不是其初始動機的一部分。47)這種制度附帶產(chǎn)生的影響只能逐漸地得到認識;而在實行這種制度的過程中,認識到這種效果具有指導作用的過程則更加緩慢。但是對待年輕人,人類聯(lián)合的事實本身,作為當前的人類事實,具有極其的重要性。訓練的需要太明顯了,改變他們的態(tài)度和習慣的要求很急迫,以致不能對這些后果完全不加以考慮。如果人類在認識各種制度的最終價值在于它對人生的特殊影響這一點上已經(jīng)取得一定進展,我們可以深信,這個啟示主要是通過和年輕人相處學到的。在不發(fā)達的社會群體中,很少有正規(guī)的教學和訓練這些群體為把必需的性格灌輸給年輕人,主要依靠使成年人忠于他們?nèi)后w的相同的聯(lián)合。然而,這些動物都是生物群落的成員,如果它的穩(wěn)定取決于其完整性的話,他們有權(quán)繼續(xù)生存下去。在世紀初鳴禽原本應(yīng)消失,46)科學家們趕緊拿出某些明顯站不住腳的證據(jù)前來救駕,大致說的是如果鳥兒不能控制害蟲的話,害蟲就會把我們吃掉。今天,讀到這些轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角的解釋讓人痛心。類似的情況在哺乳類動物和食魚鳥中也存在。有些品種的樹木已經(jīng)被有經(jīng)濟頭腦的林務(wù)員清除出去了,因為它們發(fā)育過慢或價值太低,不能做木材樹種??傊瑑H僅以經(jīng)濟利益為基礎(chǔ)的保護系統(tǒng)是完全片面的。2011年考研英語真題英譯漢翻譯Part C Translation’s contribution was to take an assumption we all sharethat because we are not robots we therefore control our thoughtsand reveal its erroneous nature。破折號后面的that引導同位語從句,對前面的assumption解釋說明?!緟⒖甲g文】我們每個人都認為:自己不是機器人,因此能夠控制自己的思想;愛倫的貢獻在于他研究了這一假說,并揭示其錯誤的本質(zhì)。while引導讓步狀語從句,后面“Why cannot I make myself do this or achieve that?”是question 的具體內(nèi)容?!緟⒖甲g文】我們或許只通過意識就能維持這種控制的幻覺,但事實上,我們卻總是面臨一個問題:我們?yōu)槭裁床荒茏屪约喝プ鲞@件事情,實現(xiàn)那個目標呢? seems a justification for neglect of those in need, and a rationalization of exploitation, of the superiority of those at the top and the inferiority of those at the bottom。本句的難點在于運用很多介詞短語作后置定語,介詞短語套介詞短語,使得賓語非常復雜。而“of those at the top”和“of those at the bottom”又分別修飾superiority和inferiority。 seem to be designed to bring out the best in us, and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation。【答案解析】本句主體結(jié)構(gòu)是:circumstances seem to be designed to…., and if we feel that… then we are unlikely to… “環(huán)境好像是為…,而設(shè)計,如果我們感受到…,我們就不可能…”; “bring out” 是產(chǎn)生、使…顯示出來;“wronged” 是“被冤枉,被委屈”的意思,“be(un)likely to do”(不)可能做某事;【參考譯文】環(huán)境似乎旨在激發(fā)我們的最大潛能,如果我們總感覺“上天不公”,那么不太可能會自覺地努力脫離現(xiàn)狀。where before we were experts in the array of limitations, now we bee authorities of what is possible.【考查分析】本題考點:主系表結(jié)構(gòu)、分詞短語的用法、連詞where引導的狀語從句。Contained in knowing that everything is up to us,是過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。Where 在這里是“在某種情況下(in what situation, to what point)的意思。以前,我們能夠熟練應(yīng)對種種局限;現(xiàn)在,我們把握著未來的可能。第一段交代了文章的背景:一批殖民者到達北美新大陸。第二段通過對過去的回顧與對未來的展望,敘述了朝圣者懷有感恩的心態(tài)并與當?shù)赜〉诎踩撕炇鹩押脜f(xié)定,為下文感恩節(jié)的形成做了鋪墊。二、試題具體分析1.[A] in their own style[B] in their own way以…特有的方式 [C] on their own單獨,獨立地[D] of their own自己的,本人的 本題考核的知識點是:句內(nèi)語義+固定短語[快速解題]空格處填入的短語作狀語,修飾worship God,說明朝圣者前往新大陸的原因。on their own與of their own不符合文意,style雖然可以表示“方式、方法”,但該含義不用于in one?s own…結(jié)構(gòu),應(yīng)排除。④句是一個復合句,主干為They were looking for a place,后接where引導的定語從句修飾place。[干擾項設(shè)置]其他項利用常見的固定搭配設(shè)置干擾。He did it on his 。四個選項構(gòu)成的動賓搭配分別表示“迷失航向”、“迷失路線”、“迷失航程”和“迷失海峽”,顯然不存在后兩種搭配,首先排除[C]和[D]。[篇章分析]⑤至⑩句是第一段的第二個層次,分別介紹了朝圣者在航行中及登陸后遇到的困難。[干擾項設(shè)置]其他項利用其他表示“路徑”的詞對course形成近義干擾。Complaints must be made through the proper 。months后面的of…介詞結(jié)構(gòu)也做定語后置修飾months,由of后面的一系列名詞“starvation、disease、death”可知,這幾個月的情況是極其嚴重的,因此,在四個選項中應(yīng)選擇表示惡劣程度最深的terrible。[干擾項設(shè)置]其他項利用表示“不利的”的形容詞設(shè)置干擾,考生需結(jié)合詞語表達含義的程度與具體語境排除干擾。pass常用于指無聊或等人時打發(fā)、消磨時間;spend強調(diào)以某種方式花時間,常接on sth或in doing sth來表示方式。符合上下文意的只有survive,指“艱難挺過那個冬天”,與上一題中的terrible相呼應(yīng)。例句:I can?t survive on $40 a ,我無法維持生活。例句:We sang songs to pass the 。How long did you spend on your homework? 你做家庭作業(yè)用了多長時間? 5.[A] situations情況,狀況[B] environments環(huán)境 [C] conditions環(huán)境,條件[D] circumstances條件,狀況 本題考核的知識點是:上下文語義+名詞辨析[快速解題]空格所在部分living 5 意為“生活…”,四個選項都含有“環(huán)境,狀況”的意思,但是側(cè)重點各有不同。由living以及下文的vegetables、berries等詞可知,這里指的是人們的生活條件
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