【正文】 r… or…, though, no matter how等表達的用法。 only ___________________(他向我收費過高)，but he didn’t do a good repair job ：他不但向我收費過高，而且東西修理得不怎么樣。“過高”則往往使用too high或too much, 由于主體內(nèi)容是金錢而不是溫度，我們用經(jīng)常搭配的“much”。還要考慮的是本句中“not only…but…”結(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)了否定詞前置到句首的現(xiàn)象，自然是倒裝句的標志。考查重點：倒裝句結(jié)構(gòu)中的否定詞前置現(xiàn)象。 losses in trade this year are nothing ______________________(與我的相比)?！狈g時有兩個知識點容易出錯，首先，“與…相比”考查詞組知識，四級程度同學(xué)應(yīng)當掌握“pared with”或者“in parison with”, 但常有考生把 “pare with”與“pare to”(把…比做)混淆，或者沒有考慮過去分詞形式。考查重點：詞組知識：需要考生把握大批類似pare with以及名詞形式in parison with的詞組或短語，其中固定搭配需要使用的介詞/副詞非常重要。 average, it is said, visitors spend only _____________________(一半的錢)in a day in Leeds as in ：據(jù)說，游客平均一天在利茲花掉的錢只有在倫敦的一半那么多。因為是比較關(guān)系，把在Leeds和在London的費用做比較，所以后半句有明確的“as”一詞。關(guān)鍵是次序如何調(diào)理?？疾橹攸c：比較結(jié)構(gòu)：本句考查同級比較中的倍數(shù)關(guān)系，類似表達還有twice as much(many)as… contrast, American mothers were more likely__________________(把孩子的成功歸因于)natural ：相比較，美國的母親們更可能把孩子的成功歸因于天賦。應(yīng)當熟練把握 “attribute…to…”的拼寫和用法?？傊?，需要填入的部分拼貼在一起就是“to attribute their children’s success to”。需要熟練掌握用法的還有l(wèi)ead to, result in, result from, be to blame for, be responsible for。如果仔細研究以上樣題的考點，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)新四級在放棄專門的詞匯語法結(jié)構(gòu)題型后，把相關(guān)知識點設(shè)置到了其它的幾種題型中，那么我們辛辛苦苦準備的倒裝句、虛擬語氣、分詞、從句、詞組仍然有用武之地，所以準備新四級千萬不要與以往的知識割裂。常用的句子翻譯方法：正反、反正表達法，分句、合句法。在表達否定概念時，英語和漢語使用的詞匯、語法、語言邏輯就有很大的差異。反之，漢語中有些從正面表達的詞、短語或者句子，譯成英語時需要從反面進行表達，如例例例6。，譯文從正面表達例1：他提出的論據(jù)相當不充實。譯文：We are confident that the younger generation will prove worthy of our ：他七十歲了，可是并不顯老。譯文：He was an indecisive sort of person and always ：調(diào)查結(jié)果清清楚楚地顯示病人死于心臟病。譯文：Such actions couldn’t long escape 例7：有利必有弊。譯文：In that city, we had never suffered discrimination because we were ，翻譯句子的時候，需要調(diào)整原來的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，分句法和合句法是調(diào)整原文句子的兩種重要的方法。所謂合句法就是把原文兩個或兩個以上的簡單句或一個復(fù)合句譯成一個單句。這種句子如果譯成一個長句，就會使譯文冗長、累贅、意思表達不清楚，也不符合英文習(xí)慣。如以下五個例子：，等到精力衰竭時，要做學(xué)問也來不及了。(從主語變換處分譯)譯文： Looking through the window, she suddenly spotted a boat moored to the it there was a boatman fast 英漢兩種語言的句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完全相同，盡管英語句子日趨簡潔，但是從句套從句，短語含短語的句型也是頻頻出現(xiàn)。使用合句法還可以使譯文緊湊、簡練。因為這就是現(xiàn)在的自己與將來的自己，或者說過去的自己與現(xiàn)在的自己的沖突。中國是世界四大文明古國之一，擁有大量的中華文化光輝的古跡，此外，中國地大物博，擁有茂密的森林、雄偉壯麗的瀑布、秀麗的湖泊以及如利劍直插云霄的山峰，所有這些都令世界各國人民神往。這種種原因都促使中國成為許多人夢寐以求的旅游勝地。早在2000多年前，就產(chǎn)生了以孔孟為代表的儒家學(xué)說和以老莊為代表的道家學(xué)說，以及其他許多也在中國思想史上有地位的學(xué)說流派，這就是有名的“諸子百家”。比如，強調(diào)仁愛，強調(diào)群體，強調(diào)和而不同，強調(diào)天下為公。所有這些，對家庭，國家和社會起到了巨大的維系與調(diào)節(jié)作用。the populist ideas that “people are the foundation of the country” and that “people are the more important than the monarch”。漢字在其漫長的發(fā)展史中演化成許多不同的書寫形式，例如篆書、隸書、楷書和行書。中國書法是一門研究藝術(shù)，隨著各位學(xué)習(xí)興趣的提高，我們將適時介紹中國書法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國書法的藝術(shù)性。儒學(xué)(Confucianism)，這個道德和宗教哲學(xué)的大系統(tǒng)建立在孔圣人(Master Kung)的教學(xué)上。Confucius was a thinker, political figure, educator, and founder of the Ru School of Chinese , the great system of moral and religious philosophy built upon the teachings of Master Youlan, one of the great 20th century authorities on the history of Chinese thought, pares Confucius9 influence in Chinese history with that of Socrates in the ：《紅樓夢》問世二百年以來,通過漢文原文和各種譯文讀過此書的人,不知有多少億!這么多的讀者哪一個是先看批評家的文章,然而再讓批評家牽著鼻子走,按圖索驥地去讀原作呢?我看是絕無僅有的。而讀者群就更加復(fù)雜，他們來讀《紅樓夢》，會各就自己的特點，欣賞該書中的某一個方面，受到鼓舞，受到啟發(fā)，引起了喜愛。總之是千差萬別。 articles and allowing themselves to be led by the nose by the critics as to how to read the novel? Next to literary works, especially a monumental one like A Dream of Red Mansions, are extremely rich in content and involve perse social stratato such an extent that they virtually resemble a mountain of treasure or a the readers are even more plicated, differing from each other in family will each appreciate a certain aspect of the novel according to their own may feel inspired and enlightened, and hence love it, or they may feel hurt, and hence loathe short, the reactions 、傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日 春節(jié)：春節(jié)慶?；顒邮且荒曛凶钪匾膽c祝活動。春節(jié)慶?；顒油ǔ３掷m(xù)15天。大多數(shù)中國人將在春節(jié)的第7天停止慶?；顒?，因為全國性節(jié)假通常在這一天結(jié)束，但在公共場所的慶?；顒涌赡茏罱K持續(xù)到正月十五。they want their family members and friends to be healthy and lucky during next New Year Celebration usually lasts for 15 activities include Chinese New Feast, firecrackers, giving lucky money to children, the New Year bell ringing and Chinese New Year of Chinese people will stop the celebrating in their home on the 7th day of New Year because the national holiday usually ends around that day, however celebrations in public areas can last until the 15th day of New ：清明節(jié)的習(xí)俗是豐富有趣的，除了講究禁火、掃墓，還有踏青、蕩秋千、蹴鞠、打馬球、插柳等一系列風(fēng)俗體育活動。因此，這個節(jié)日既有祭掃新墳生別死離得悲酸淚，又有踏青游玩的歡笑聲，是一個富有特色的節(jié)日。湯圓外形圓圓的，外皮由糯米制成，內(nèi)陷或甜或辣。元宵節(jié)傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗中還有一部分是關(guān)于猜燈謎的游戲。踩高蹺，敲大鼓和舞龍獅也是元宵節(jié)主要的娛樂活動。屈原是一位忠誠和受人敬仰的大臣（minister）,他給國家?guī)砹撕推胶头睒s。人們撐船到他自盡的地方，拋下粽子，希望魚兒吃粽子，不要吃屈原的身軀。The Duan WuFestival, also called the Dragon Boat Festival, is to memorate the patrioticpoet Qu Yuan was a loyal and highly esteemed minister, who brought peace and prosperity to the state but ended up drowning himself in a river as are sult of being got to the spot by boat and cast glutinous dumplings into the water, hoping that the fishes ate the dumplings instead of QuYuan’s thousands of years, the festival has been marked by glutinous dumplings and dragon boat races, especially in the southern provinces where there are many rivers and ：農(nóng)歷八月十五日是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日——中秋節(jié)。此時，大人們盡情吃著美味的月餅，品著熱騰騰的香茗，而孩子們則在一旁拉著明亮的兔子燈盡情玩耍。傳說古時候，天空曾有10個太陽圍著地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。他偷了長生不老藥，卻被妻子嫦娥偷偷喝下，從而產(chǎn)生了嫦娥奔月的故事。中國的筷子夾菜的一端是圓的，象征著天；另一端是方的，象征著地。中國有個古老的風(fēng)俗，女子出嫁時要用筷子當嫁妝，因為“筷子”與“快子”諧音。將菜送入口中后，應(yīng)立刻把筷子放下。There has been a history of more than 3 000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and the other end is square which symbolizes the is because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the is an old custom in the past in China, that chopsticks should be apart of a girl’s (chopsticks)is pronounced the same as “kuaizi”.The latter symbolized “quick” and “son”.According to the Chinese traditional table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the soon as one person sends a bite into his mouth, he should putdown the would offend others to point at them with chopsticks over the ：在中國，筆、墨、紙、硯（ink slab），就是人們所說的“文房四寶”，在中華文明的傳承中起了重要作用。文房四寶品類繁多，豐富多彩，選材制作不斷趨于完善、精美，歷代都有名品、名匠產(chǎn)生，成為一種深厚的文化積淀。In China, “four treasures of the study” r