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nstant→ constantly 解析: 此處需要副詞作狀語 , 修飾 reminded。t seen each other for ten years, but they still keep in _________ (constantly)contact with each other. 解析: 句意為 “ 他們已經(jīng)多年沒有見面了 , 但是他們之間仍然保持著經(jīng)常的聯(lián)系 ” 。 導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 49 15 22 09 constant (1)(時(shí)間上 )稍前的 ① I couldn39。d only seen him the previous day. 聽到這消息時(shí) , 我不敢相信;我就在前一天還見過他 。 4. previous adj. (2)先前的 , 以往的 ① Applicants for the job must have previous experience. 申請(qǐng)這份工作的人須先前有過這種工作經(jīng)驗(yàn) 。 ③ She had one child from the previous marriage. 她在上一次婚姻中有一個(gè)孩子 。 ________________________, I worked in London. 解析: previous to中 to為介詞 , 后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞 。 考查副詞 。previously先前;以前 。 previously 1)n. (1)指導(dǎo) , 向?qū)?, 導(dǎo)游 ① We hired a local guide to get us across the mountains. 我們雇了一名當(dāng)?shù)厝俗鱿驅(qū)ьI(lǐng)我們翻山越嶺 。s spiritual guide. 他是這個(gè)部落的精神領(lǐng)袖 。 ② Let39。s on. 咱們看看電視節(jié)目單上有什么節(jié)目 。 ② We were guided around the museums. 我們?cè)趯?dǎo)游的帶領(lǐng)下參觀了博物館 。 (2)解釋 , 闡明 The health and safety officer will guide you through the safety procedures. 健康安全官員將會(huì)給你解釋一遍安全規(guī)程 。 direct guide 意為 “ 引著參觀;導(dǎo)游 ” ,一直陪在一旁,邊走邊談。 direct 意為 “ 指路 ” ,指出方向,不陪同去。 ② The usher led him to his seat. 引座員帶他找到了座位 。s Nest”. 當(dāng)?shù)氐膶?dǎo)游帶領(lǐng)我們穿過繁忙的街道去那個(gè)著名的建筑 ——“鳥巢 ” (2)用恰當(dāng)形式填空 He was always ________ (guide) by his principle of honesty. 解析: 句意為 “ 他總是以誠實(shí)這一原則律己 ” 。 導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 49 15 22 1 1 guided (1)n. [pl.]環(huán)境 ① The buildings have been designed to blend in with their surroundings. 這些建筑物設(shè)計(jì)巧妙 , 與周圍建筑渾然一體 。 6. surrounding (2)adj. 周圍的 , 附近的 ① The surrounding villages have been absorbed by/into the growing city. 周圍的村莊已經(jīng)并入了那不斷擴(kuò)展的城市 。 surround , 包圍 be surrounded by由 ?? 圍著 /包圍 surroundings amp。 environment 可指自然環(huán)境,也可指精神環(huán)境,均從環(huán)境對(duì)人的感受、道德及觀念的影響著眼。t like your ______________ (環(huán)境 ), you should work to change it. But if you don39。t help am so excited with so many friends _____________ (surround) me. ② ____________ (surround) by the forest , the village has beautiful surroundings. 解析: ① 句意: ——你為什么哭 ? 今天是你的生日 ! ——我控制不住了 。 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞 。 ② 句意:這個(gè)村子被森林環(huán)繞 , 有著美麗的環(huán)境 。 設(shè)空處作狀語 , 主語與 surround之間存在邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系 , 故用過去分詞形式 。 ② Your behaviour toward your parents will not be tolerated. 你對(duì)父母的這種行為是不能容許的 。 put up with tolerate “ 容忍;忍受 ” 。 bear “ 忍受 ” 。 stand “ 忍受,頂住 ” ,多用于口語中,常用于否定句中,若用于肯定句,則意為 “ 不屈不撓,經(jīng)受得起 ” 。 ① People simply will not tolerate a bad mental attitude. 人們是絕不會(huì)容忍消極心態(tài)的 。t bear to see animals treated cruelly. 她不忍見動(dòng)物受虐待 。 ④ If you can put up with a bit of cold air, I39。 (1)用恰當(dāng)形式填空 I can39。 考查非謂語動(dòng)詞 。 (2)真題改編 (湖北卷 )Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a _________ (tolerate)smile and let him go. 解析: 考查形容詞詞義辨析 。 tolerant“ 寬容的 ” , 符合句意 。 sing.]~ (of sth.)缺乏 , 匱乏 , 短缺 ① The plant died for lack of water. 植物因缺水而枯死了 。 (2)v. 沒有 , 缺乏 , 不足 , 短缺 ① Some houses still lack basic amenities such as bathrooms. 有些住宅仍沒有像衛(wèi)生間這樣的基本設(shè)施 。 8. lack for/through/from/by/because of lack of因缺乏 ?? , 因無 ?? lack (for) nothing沒有欠缺 ① I haven39。 ② They lacked for nothing. 他們什么都不缺少 。 Her parents made sure that she lacked for nothing. 她的父母確保她什么都不缺 。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and _________ exercise. ② 這孩子似乎缺乏智力 。s real problem is that he ________ (lack) confidence. 導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 49 15 22 06 a lack of be lacking in lacks (1)調(diào)整 , 調(diào)節(jié) He made adjustment to the machine. 他對(duì)這臺(tái)機(jī)器進(jìn)行了調(diào)整 。 9. adjustment n. adjust v. (1)調(diào)整 , 調(diào)節(jié) This button is for adjusting the volume. 這個(gè)鈕是調(diào)節(jié)音量的 。 (1)單句改錯(cuò) It is necessary to make some adjustments for the seating plan. 把 for→ to (2)用恰當(dāng)形式填空 ① —Why were you late for the class, Jenny? —Oh, my clock must be running slow, and it needs ______________________ (adjust). 解析: 句意: ——Jenny, 你為什么上課遲到了 ? ——哦 , 我的鐘表一定走慢了 , 它需要調(diào)了 。 need, want, require意為 “ 需要 ” 時(shí) , 后面跟 doing或者 to be done結(jié)構(gòu) 。江蘇卷改編 )Some schools will have to make ________________ (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform. 解析 : 句意:為了與國(guó)家的足球改革相適應(yīng) , 一些學(xué)校必須做出調(diào)整 。 ② The shoes are pressing my feet. 我的鞋擠腳 。 ④ The photographers pressed around the royal visitors. 攝影記者們?cè)谕跏屹F賓周圍擠來擠去 。 ② They are pressing us to make a quick decision. 他們正催促我們盡快作出決定 。 (2)出版社 The power of the press is great. 新聞報(bào)刊的力量很強(qiáng)大 。 Advertisements _______________ girls ________ weight. ② 他后背緊緊靠在門上 。 No politicians can ignore the power of _____________. 導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 49 15 22 15 put pressure on to lose pressed against the press (2)用恰當(dāng)形式填空 Thanks to electronic mail, today you can send a letter anywhere around the world in seconds simply by ___________ (press)a button. 解析: 句意:幸虧有了電子郵件 , 如今你只要按一下按鈕 , 信件就可以在幾秒鐘之內(nèi)發(fā)到全世界的任何地方 。 設(shè)空處位于介詞 by之后 , 作 by的賓語 , 故用動(dòng)名詞形式 。 (2)[C]~ of sth.(想法的 )突現(xiàn); (情感的 )突發(fā) A flash of grief came upon her when she heard the news. 她聽到這消息時(shí)內(nèi)心感到一陣悲傷 。 (2)(使 )閃耀 , 閃光 A little light flashed on the wall. 墻上的一個(gè)小燈亮了 。 (4)突然想到;猛然想起 The idea flashed into his mind. 這念頭突然閃過他的腦海 。 導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào) 49 15 22 16 upon a 1) v. (1)~ (sth.