【正文】 ocess in the various knowledge areas. ? Overall change control: coordinating changes across the entire project ? Scope change control: controlling change to project scope ? Schedule control: controlling changes to the project schedule ? Cost control: controlling changes to the project budget ? Quality control: monitoring specific project results to determine if the ply with relevant quality standards and identifying ways to eliminate causes of unsatisfactory performance ? Performance reporting: collecting and disseminating performance information, including status reporting, progress measurement, and forecasting ? Risk response control: responding to changes in risk over the course of the project. Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU Closing processes ? Contract closeout Administrative closure Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU ? Administration closure: generating, gathering, and disseminating information to formalize phase or project pletion ? Contract closeout: pletion and settlement of the contract, including resolution of any open items. ? The process illustrated above meet the test of general acceptancethey apply to most projects most of time. However, not all of the processes will be needed on all projects, and not all of the interactions will apply to all projects. When there is a need to make change, the change should be clearly identified, carefully evaluated, and actively managed. Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU II. Project Planning Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU ? Why do I need a .? ? To provide a baseline of information for approval or rejection of the project proposal ? To identify roles and responsibilities before the project is started ? To define pletion (success) in advance Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU . Function ? Identify key assumption ? Define initial project scope ? project pletion criteria ? functions addressed and not addressed ? work products and their pletion criteria ? major activities ? significant dependencies Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU . Function 2 ? Identify resource requirements ? responsibilities(anization) ? skills ? time estimates ? material resources ? project cost ? Determine preliminary schedule ? The . Should be formal proposal Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU . Minimum content ? Introduction ? Key assumption ? Roles and responsibilities ? Major products ? Completion criteria ? Estimated schedule ? Estimated cost Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU Why plan the . ? ? To manage risk ? To maximize return on investment ? To ensure client satisfaction ? To municate Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU In the beginning... ? Plans Schedule Scope Resource Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU . Planning Process ? Define the products ? Identify technical activities ? Estimates hours for activities ? Add level of effort hours ? Determine dependencies ? Identify staffing ? Identify other resources ? Identify utilization rate ? Determine activity size ? Determine activity duration ? Develop estimated schedule Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU 1. Define the products ? Standard products from: ? Design project: ? system requirements report ? system design report ? implementation phase plan ? Implementation project: ? detailed program specifications ? programs and programs documentation ? installation plan Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU ? Nonstandard products: ? First of its kind? ? First in this pany? ? First at this location?…... Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU 2. Identify the technical activities ? Example: design project, activities include: ? ? 2. Interview standards ? 3. Global interview preparation ? 4. Standards for requirements report(SRR) ? 5. Interviews: individual preparation。 minutes。 the task on the critical path is critical task Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU ? Determine dependencies 1 2 5 6 3 8 7 10 9 4 11 Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU 6. Identify staffing ? Internal personnel/skills ? External personnel/skills Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU 7. Identify other resources ? Dedicated test configuration ? Laser printers for documentation ? Word processing support ? …... Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU 8. Identify utilization rate ? Hours available=2080(52x5x8) ? education 80 ? vacation+holidays 160 ? administration 80 ? personal 80 ? others 80 ? Total nonproductive hours 480 ? Total productive hours 1600 Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU ? Utilization vs. Project duration ? (173 hours per month) Pro jec tdur ationHours /m ont h Utiliza tionrate173 100%6 m ont hs 140 81%61 2m ont hs 130 75%12 m ont hs 120 69%Dec. 2023 Wanjun JIANG GSM PKU 9. Determine activities size(utilization 75%) ? Activities work hours weeks ? (30hrs, 6 people) 180 ? 2. Interview standards 160 ? 3. Global interview preparation 80 ? 4. Standards for requirements report(SRR) 60 ? 5. Interviews (20)