【正文】 he two participants. I39。t expected to interrupt. In another kind of setting which are called institutional settings, the participants engage in speech exchanges that look like ordinary conversation, but they are limited by institutional rules. As examples, we can think of a government official holding a news conference, a lawyer crossquestioning a witness in court, or a professor directing a seminar discussion. In these settings, what is said is more or less spontaneous, even though turns at speaking are allocated by a leader, or are restricted in other ways. The person speaking isn39。Hara in Gone with the Wind, Frank Sinatra sings a love song in front of a live audience, the speakers are each vocalizing words posed by someone else for instance a playwright or a poser and are openly pretending to be expressing opinions that aren39。m about to say in a seminar tomorrow. What I say isn39。m Nancy Johnson. The guest on our radio talk this evening is Professor Wang Gongwu. Hello, Professor Wang.M: Hello.W: Professor Wang, you39。ve worn many hats as tutor, lecturer, department head, dean, professor, and vice chancellor. However, as I know, you39。s right. That was in 1949. The university that I went to was a brandnew university then, and the only one in the country at that time. When I look back, it was an amazingly small university, and we knew everybody.W: How did the students like you, for example, study then?M: We didn39。t have to. We didn39。s education now has to cater to people who really need a piece of paper to find a decent job.W: So you39。m very concerned. With technical changes, many of the things that you learn are technical skills, which don39。s look at a different issue. How do you ment on the current phenomenon because of the fees they pay?M: Well, once you accept students on financial grounds, one wonders whether you have to pass them as well. But this is the development in education that we have to contend with. Yet, if we are concerned about maintaining standards, what we can do is to concentrate on improving the quality of education.W: Yes, you39。s turn to the future. What type of graduates, in your view, to universities of the future need to produce, if they are to remain relevant?M: I think their graduates must be able to shift from one profession to another, because they are trained in a very independent way. If you can do that, you raise the level of the flexibility of the mind. Today39。t have philosophers, or people who think about the value of life, it39。s legacy to education. And the future of education in a country rests not so much on the construction of better buildings, labs, etc., but in the development of an everadaptable mind.W: That39。re weleSECTION C A new data shows that the global AIDS pandemic will cause a sharp drop in life expectancy in dozens of countries, in some cases, declines of three decades. Several nations are losing a century39。s population but 70% of the world39。s by 2010, when they would otherwise have been in the 7039。s. Even in countries where the number of new infections is dropping, such as Thailand, Uganda, and Senegal, small life expectancy drop is forecast. Back in the early 199039。s possible countermeasures if it pays more than two billion dollars in pensation to the EU for imposing the steel tariffs in the first place. The officials say Washington could also escape retaliation by lowering . import duties on other EU products. The Bush administration says it will not pay pensation.SECTION D TALKGood morning. Today39。ve known them half your life. These people who have that certain something that makes us feel fortable have something in mon, and once we know what that is, we can go about getting some of that something for ourselves. How is it done? Here are some of the skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they will help you put people at their ease, make them feel secure, and fortable, and turn acquaintances into friends. First of all, good talkers ask questions. Almost anyone, no matter how shy, will answer a question. In fact, according to my observation, very shy persons are often more willing to answer questions than extroverts. They are more concerned that someone will think them impolite if they don39。s a dull question, but it gets things going. From there, you can move on to other matters, sometimes to really personal questions. Moreover, how your responder answers will let you know how far you can go. A few simple catchwords like Really? Yes? are clear invitations to continue talking. Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen for answers. This point seems obvious, but it isn39。t simply a matter of making idle conversation. Your questions have a point. You39。s works. Midway through, I listened to her voice. It was, to put it mildly, unanimated, and it seemed obvious that the imagery monologue was intended solely for my benefit, and I quickly changed the subject. At last, real listening means using your eyes as well as your ears. When your gaze wanders, it makes people think they39。t have to stare, or glare at them. Simply looking attentive will make most people think that you think they39。s also a good way to ease other people39。s easy laughter appears like sunshine in the conversation. There is always then a visible softening that takes place. Other people smile, and loosen in response to her laughter, and the conversation goes on with more warmth and ease.Finally, good talkers are onces who cement a parting. That is, they know how to make use of parting as a way to leave a deep impression on others. Last impressions are just as important as first impressions in determining how a new acquaintance will remember you. People who make others really feel fortable take advantage of that parting moment to close the deal. Men have had it easier. They have done it with a smile, and a good firm handshake. What a