【正文】 erest at the expense of another or to withhold information the public has the right to know. 11: With the process of globalization and interaction among different nations, a variety of native languages and cultures have been lost. What are the main reasons for and effects of this phenomenon? And what can countries do to save the great loss?One line of thought on this issue concerns the free trade agreements that have been adopted globally over the last half century. Such agreements require participating nations to reduce or abolish subsidies to domestic producers, remove currency restrictions and consolidate their industries in order to pete on an international level. Inflation and unemployment typically result from this kind of radical change and the economic adversity which follows is most difficult for those near the poverty line, as they struggle to pay for basic modities that are no longer affordable and are forced to leave their own villages or countries in search of work they can no longer find at home. This process of forced migration can lead to a devastating loss of language and culture when those who leave belong to a cultural minority with a low population base, for many will never return and their own children will grow up speaking another language elsewhere. It only takes two generations for a language to be lost entirely. Another factor concerns the global spread of TV and other forms of massmedia into regions that were once isolated. Such exposure to external influence can have a profound effect on native cultures, dragging people away from their traditional activities and inspiring the young to leave in search of the glittering world they have seen on TV. Government policies aimed at promoting native language and identity are one way to deal with this problem, but many of the world’s threatened cultural groups do not have the resources for affirmative action and in such cases the negative effects of globalisation are probably irreversible. 12: Many stores and families install surveillance cameras but many people go against the practise. What is your opinion?Surveillance cameras are sometimes used as a kind of proxy security guard by shopkeepers and homeowners who can’t afford to hire a real one, in the understanding that they may not be able to stop a crime in progress but can nonetheless act as a deterrent. For this reason they are especially mon in shops where it’s not possible for the attendants on duty to monitor all areas at once. In some cases the cameras are not even real: cheap, nonfunctioning replicas are installed in their place but the hope remains that some burglars or shoplifters will think twice before mitting a crime if there is a chance they are being watched. Those who argue against the widespread use of these devices do not necessarily object to their crimefighting abilities but say they are part of a broader campaign of increased surveillance which is ultimately designed to limit our personal freedom and make us more accountable to the state. In my view we have nothing to fear in this regard because it’s simply not possible to view the millions of hours of security footage that are generated in a big city every week. I also have no objection to security cameras being used in shops and family homes but am dubious of their value as a deterrent. Criminals often act on impulse and don’t care whether they are being watched or not, and I believe that placing cameras outside your house merely advertises that there is something worth stealing inside. Professional burglars are capable of disabling or circumventing almost any kind of security system and cameras are no exception. 13: The crime rate among young women is rising in today’s society. What are the possible reasons and how can this problem be solved?In many societies the position of women has changed considerably over the last 50 years. Traditional roles are no longer so binding and they now have much greater freedom to pursue careers and live according to their own choices. This newfound independence is one possible factor in the rising crime rate among young women and it could also be related to a general breakdown in family structures and longterm marriages which once provided lifelong economic support. Beyond these areas I think the general social conditions which lead to crime are much the same for women as they for men. In both cases, poverty, unemployment and low educational achievement are significant factors in the adoption of a criminal lifestyle and the best way to tackle such problems remains a controversial issue to this day. Some mentators say that adverse social conditions are no excuse for criminal behaviour while others maintain that crime can only be reduced through a longterm mitment to education, work training and job creation. Another area that deserves attention in my view is the status of single mothers, who require special assistance through welfare payments if they are to cope with the economic hardship of their situation. Such payments are easily justified in my view by considering the much greater cost incurred when the state if forced to care for children whose mothers have been imprisoned. And the cost doesn’t end there, for having grown up without close adult supervision these children are much more likely to bee criminals themselves. 14: Some people believe that all majors in universities should be equally open for men and women. Others think that men and women are suitable for different majors. What is your opinion?In the past it was definitely the case that some majors were considered suitable for men and some for women. And even today, men tend to gravitate towards some careers and women to others. But in many countries the sexist attitudes which once held such gender divisions in place have long since broken down and these days it’s mon to see men working as nurses and women as police of