【正文】 the questions below each passage by choosing A,B,C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Working at nonstandard times－evenings, nights, or weekends－is taking its toll on American families. Onefifth of all employed Americans work variable or rotating shifts, and onethird work weekends, according to Harriet B. Presser, sociology professor at the University of Maryland. The result is stress on familial relationships, which is likely to continue in ing decades.The consequences of working irregular hours vary according to gender, economic level, and whether or not children are involved. Single mothers are more likely to work nights and weekends than married mothers. Women in clerical, sales or other lowpaying jobs participate disproportionately in working late and graveyard shifts.Marriedcouple households with children are increasingly being dualearner households, generating more splitshift couples. Schoolaged children, however, may benefit from parents39。s attitude towards working irregular hours？A. Positive.B. Negative.C. Indifferent.D. Objective.Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:Most human beings actual1y decide before they think. When any human being－executive, specialized expert, or person in the street－encounters a plex issue and forms an opinion, often within a matter of seconds, how thoroughly has he or she explored the implications of the various courses of action? Answer: not very thoroughly. Very few people, no matter how inte1ligent or experienced, can take inventory of the many branching possibilities, possible outes, side effects, and undesired consequences of a policy or a course of action in a matter of seconds. Yet, those who pride themse1ves on being decisive often try to do just that. And once their brains lock onto an opinion, most of their thinking thereafter consists of finding support for it.A very serious side effect of argumentative decision making can be a lack of support for the chosen course of action on the pat of the losing faction. When one faction wins the meeting and the others see themselves as losing, the battle often doesn39。t who is right, but what is right, that counts.The structuredinquiry method offers a better alternative to argumentative decision making by debate. With the help of the Internet and wireless puter technology the gap between experts and executives is now being dramatically closed. By actually putting the brakes on the thinking process, slowing it down, and organizing the flow of logic, it39。t possible or necessary for a president or prime minister to listen in on every intelligence analysis meeting, it39。 information to give the decision maker much greater insight as to its meaning. This process may somewhat resemble a marketing focus group。s a simple, remarkably clever way to bring decision makers closer to the source of the expert information and opinions on which they must base their decisions. 4l. From the first paragraph we can learn that .A. executive, specialized expert, are no more clever than person in the streetB. very few people decide before they thinkC. those who pride themselves on being decisive often fail to do soD. people tend to consider carefully before making decisions42. Judging from the context, what does the word them (line 4,paragraph 2) refer to?A. Decision makers.B. The losing faction.C. Anger, resentment, and jealousy.D. Other people.43. Aldous Huxley39。 informationD. marketing focus groupsQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage:Sport is heading for an indissoluble marriage with television and the passive spectator will enjoy a private paradise. All of this will be in the future of sport. The spectator (the television audience) will be the priority and professional clubs will have to readjust their structures to adapt to the new reality: sport as a business.The new technologies will mean that spectators will no longer have to wait for broadcasts by the conventional channels. They will be the ones who decide what to see. And they will have to pay for it. In the United States the system of the future has already started: payasyouview. Everything will be offered by television and the spectator will only have to choose. The review Sports Illustrated recently published a full profile of the life of the supporter at home in the middle of the next century. It explained that the consumers would be able to select their view of the match on a gigantic, flat screen occupying the whole of one wall, with images of a clarity which cannot be foreseen at present。s stands just behind the batter in a game of baseball or from the helmet of the star player in an American football game. And at their disposal will be the sane option s the producer of the recorded programmer has to select replays, to choose which camera to me and to decide on the sound whether to hear the public, the players, the trainer and so on.Many sports executives, largely too old and too conservative to feel at home with the new technologies will believe that sport must control the expansion of television coverage in order to survive and ensure that spectators attend matches. They do not even accept the evidence which contradicts their view while there is more basketball than ever on television, for example, it is also certain that basketball is more popular than ever.It is also the argument of these sports executives that television harming the modest team. This is true, but the future of those teams is also modest. They have reached their ceiling. It is the law of the market. The great events continually attract larger audience.The world I being constructed on new technologies so that people can make the utmost use of their time and, in their home have access to the greatest possible range of recreational activities. Sport will have to adapt itself to the new world.The most vision