石油工程專業(yè)英語-采油技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)重點句子productiontechnology-在線瀏覽
2025-07-18 22:37本頁面
【正文】 rk.一個好的完井設(shè)計能預(yù)測到未來的性能問題并且提供彈性來處理，而平衡完井費用取決于未來修復(fù)工作的風(fēng)險。9. During the drilling operation, the inside of the casinghead or spool, is protected with a temporary bushing to prevent damage from drillpipe rotation. 在鉆進(jìn)操作期間，套管頂部或防噴法蘭短節(jié)的內(nèi)部由一個臨時性的補(bǔ)心保護(hù)以防止來自于鉆桿旋轉(zhuǎn)的損害。11. The oil alone is a plex mixture of many hydrocarbon pounds, and oils from different reservoirs have different physical and chemical characteristics. 原油是一種復(fù)雜的碳?xì)浠旌衔?，來自于不同油藏的原油具有不同的物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)。13. Of course, the diversity of well fluid mixtures has led to the development of an assortment of vessels to clean and separate these mixtures at various pressures and temperatures. 當(dāng)然，井中流體混合物的多樣性引導(dǎo)了管路分類的發(fā)展，這些管路用來在不同的壓力和溫度下清潔并分離混合物。15. This allows any gas bubbles, carried in the liquid, to easily escape. The amount of time the oil is allowed to settle in the separator prior to being dumped at the outlet is termed retention time.這允許氣泡在流體中運移并易于溢出。16. Here, three processes act to separate liquid from the gas: flow velocity changes。 and impingement, or the adherence and coalescence of liquid mist on a surface.這里，氣液分離有三個過程在起作用：流速改變；方向改變；在表面液體薄霧的沖擊或粘著及聚結(jié)。18. It is important to remember that the physical and chemical characteristics of the crude oil and gas entering the separator help determine the degree of separation possible at a given operating temperature and pressure.進(jìn)入分離器的原油和氣體的物理化學(xué)特征幫助確定給定操作溫度和壓力下可能分離程度是十分重要的。20. Most oilfield emulsions are the waterinoil type, where individual water particles are dispersed in a continuous body of oil (fig. ), An inverted, or oilinwater, emulsion can also occur, especially when the ratio of water to oil is very high.大多數(shù)油田乳狀液是油包水類型，就是單獨的水分子分布于連續(xù)的油流中，反之，水包油，乳狀液也能出現(xiàn)，尤其當(dāng)水油比很高時。22. As older fields begin to produce increasingly higher water cuts, and when water injection projects are begun in depleting fields, the need for emulsion treating processes can increase.當(dāng)老油田產(chǎn)水率開始逐漸上升，以及當(dāng)注水方案開始實施于枯竭油藏，乳狀液處理過程的需求將增加。 the remaining oil and oilwater with small amounts of emulsified watersolids is mixed through a nozzle with fresh water。24. A bination of electrical dehydration and chemical additives reduced the salt and water content of the crude to trace amounts, without the need for freshwater desalination (Aulenbacher 1982).電子脫水和化學(xué)添加劑的結(jié)合可將原油中油水的含量降低至極低，不需要淡水脫鹽作用的幫助（Aulenbacher 1982）。26. The fluid stream is divided into segments within the meter and the movement of these segments through the meter is registered on a counter.這種液流在測量器當(dāng)中被分為若干個部分，并且各個部分的流動被計算器測量并記錄。28. The lowpressure gas is often used for lease fuel requirements. It may also be pressed to a higher pressure and mixed with the highpressure separator gas, or perhaps with highpressure gas from producing gas wells nearby.低壓氣是經(jīng)常被用來延續(xù)燃料的需求，它也可以被高壓壓縮混入高壓離析器或者混入臨近氣井產(chǎn)出的高壓天然氣。30. The low temperature separator, however, is designed to use heat from the warm fluid upstream of the choke to melt any hydrates that form.但是低溫分離器使用來利用熱流體的溯流的熱量來溶化任何氫氧化合物。32. After being sweetened and before being dehydrated, the gas stream may need to be pressed to enable it to enter the sales pipeline.在被煉制后和脫水之前，氣流需要被壓縮才能夠進(jìn)入銷售管線。34. By introducing a restriction in the pipeline to change the velocity of flow, and by measuring the pressure differential across the restriction, the flow rate can be determined under certain conditions.通過引入管線的規(guī)格來改變流動的速率，并且通過限制不同壓力來測量，來決定某種情況下的流速。36. The differential pressuretype meters rely on a relationship between the square of the flow velocity and the pressure drop across the restricton.不同壓力類型測量器依靠流體速度的平方和不同規(guī)格的壓降來制作。38. The chart now depicts a generalized flow path for the gas and oil streams, from wellhead to pipeline.現(xiàn)在這個圖表描述的是油氣流從井頭到管線的一般路徑。40. Somet
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