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初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法大全pdf-在線瀏覽

2025-05-21 23:57本頁(yè)面
  

【正文】 ous, delicious(3)派生副詞:①形容詞+ly ②其它,如:slowly, angrily, full→fully, good→well, possible →possibly 等等。(2)動(dòng)詞→名詞,如:look, walk, rest, work, study, swim, go, talk 等等。(4)形容詞→副詞,如:early→early, fast→fast 等等。(6)介詞→副詞,如:in(到……里)→(在里面;在家),on(在…上)→(進(jìn)行,繼續(xù)),等等。 專(zhuān)有名詞中實(shí)詞的第一個(gè)字母要大寫(xiě)。如:the Great Wall(長(zhǎng)城)姓氏名如果采用復(fù)數(shù)形式,則表示該姓氏一家人(復(fù)數(shù)含義),如:the Greens( 格林一家人)。如:pupil, family, man, foot.普通名詞又分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞。如:water, news, oil, population, information .英語(yǔ)可數(shù)名詞的單復(fù)數(shù):英語(yǔ)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。如:map → maps,boy→ boys,horse→ horses, table→ tables. ②s,o,x ,sh,ch 結(jié)尾的詞加 :class→classes, box→boxes, hero→heroes, dish→dishes,bench→benches.[注]:少數(shù)以 o 結(jié)尾的詞,變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)只加 s。如:family→families, city→cities, party→parties.④以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,變 f 或 fe 為 v,再加 es。如:a bag of rice→two bags of rice, a piece of paper→three pieces of paper, a bottle of milk→five bottles of milk.名詞所有格: 名詞所有格表示所屬關(guān)系,相當(dāng)于物主代詞,在句中作定語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ)。如:Childern’s Day(兒童節(jié)), my sister’s book(我姐姐的書(shū))(2)以 s 或 es 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞。如:Teachers’ Day(教師節(jié))(3)有些表示時(shí)間、距離以及世界、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等無(wú)生命的名詞,也可在詞尾加’s. 如: today’s newspaper(今天的報(bào)紙), ten minutes’ break(十分鐘的課間休息),China’s population(中國(guó)的人口).(4)無(wú)論表示有生命還是無(wú)生命的東西的名詞,一般均可用介詞 of 短語(yǔ)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系。如:There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只綿羊) / There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些綿羊)maths, news 等雖然有 s 結(jié)尾,但不是復(fù)數(shù),因此謂語(yǔ)仍用單數(shù):The news is very exciting.(這個(gè)消息令人興奮)glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves 等名詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)。如:A lot of students are playing baseball now.(現(xiàn)在有許多學(xué)生在打壘球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的時(shí)間花在了那個(gè)工作上)(被動(dòng)句)and 連接兩個(gè)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)原則上用復(fù)數(shù),但是兩個(gè)名詞若構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體事物時(shí),謂語(yǔ)則用單數(shù)。如:There is a table and four chairs in the room.(房間里有一張桌子和四張椅子)用 both…and…連接兩個(gè)事物做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)一般用復(fù)數(shù)。如:A woman with a 7yearold child was standing at the side of the road. (一名婦女帶著一個(gè)七歲的孩子(當(dāng)時(shí))就站在路邊)1either…or…或者 neither…nor…連接兩個(gè)人物做句子主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)采用就近原則。/你和他有一個(gè)人是對(duì)的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)1表示一段時(shí)間或長(zhǎng)度概念的復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)一般用單數(shù)。如:People all around the world enjoy sports.(全世界的人都喜愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)) / The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.(2008 奧運(yùn)會(huì)將在北京舉行)(被動(dòng)句) / Our school football team won the league match(聯(lián)賽).(我們學(xué)校足球隊(duì)取得了聯(lián)賽冠軍) / They were strong and won the boat r
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