【正文】
筋焊接時所需要的壓縮長度。 所有焊接設備各部件應堅固耐用,氣管接頭不得漏氣,電氣線路接觸良好,自動控制系統(tǒng)反應靈敏,氣瓶質(zhì)量符合國家有關安全監(jiān)察規(guī)程的規(guī)定,使用過程中,不得違規(guī)操作 。 作業(yè)場地應有安全防護措施、制定和執(zhí)行安全技術措 施,加強焊工的勞動保護,防止發(fā)生燒傷、火災、爆炸以及損壞設備等事故。 三、 操作工藝 工藝流程: 檢查設備、氣源 → 鋼筋端頭制備 → 安裝焊接夾具和鋼筋 → 試焊、作試件 → 施焊→卸下夾具 → 質(zhì)量檢查 仔細檢查設備、氣源等,確保其處于正常狀態(tài) ; 鋼筋端頭制備:鋼筋端面應切平,并 應 與鋼筋軸線相垂直;在鋼筋端部 100mm 長 度范圍內(nèi),若有水泥等附著物,應予以清除。鋼筋安裝后應加壓頂緊,兩鋼筋之間的局部縫隙不得大于 3mm; 試焊、作試件:工程開工正式焊接之前,要進行現(xiàn)場條件下鋼筋氣壓焊工藝性能的試驗 , 以確認氣壓焊工的操作技能,確認現(xiàn)場鋼筋的可焊性,并 選取 最佳的焊接工藝試驗 ; 鋼筋從進場鋼筋中截取 , 每批鋼筋焊接 6根接頭,經(jīng)外觀檢驗合格后,其中 3根做拉伸試驗, 3根 3 做彎 曲試驗 (工程需要時), 試驗合格后,按確定的工藝進行氣壓焊 ; 鋼筋氣壓焊時,應根據(jù)鋼筋直徑和焊接設備等具體條件選用等壓法、二次加壓或三 次加壓法焊接工藝。為保證對鋼筋施加的軸向壓力值,應根據(jù)加壓器的型號,按鋼筋直徑大小事先換算成油壓表讀數(shù),并寫好標牌,以便準確控制 ; 鋼筋氣壓焊的開始宜采用碳化焰,對準兩鋼筋接縫處集中加熱,并使其內(nèi)焰包住縫 隙,防止鋼筋端面產(chǎn)生氧化 ; 在確認兩鋼筋縫隙完全密合后,應改用 中性焰,以壓 焊面為中心,在兩側(cè)各一倍鋼筋直徑長度范圍內(nèi)往返 寬幅加熱 ; 鋼筋端面的合適加熱溫度應為 1150~1250℃ , 鋼筋鐓粗區(qū)表面的加熱溫度應稍高于該溫度,并隨鋼筋直徑大小而產(chǎn)生的溫度梯差而定 ; 鋼筋氣壓焊中,通過最終的加熱加壓,應使接頭的鐓粗區(qū)形成規(guī)定的合適形狀 , 然 后停止加熱,略為延時,卸除壓力,拆下焊接夾具 ; 在加熱過程中,如果在鋼筋端面縫隙完全密合之前發(fā)生滅火中斷現(xiàn)象,應將鋼筋取 下重新打磨、安裝,然后點燃火焰進行焊接 ; 如果發(fā)生在鋼筋端面縫隙完全密合之后,可繼續(xù)加熱加壓,完成焊接作業(yè) ; 質(zhì)量檢查:在焊接生產(chǎn)中焊工應認真自檢,若發(fā)現(xiàn)偏心、彎折、鐓粗直徑及長度 不夠、壓焊面偏移、環(huán)向裂紋、鋼筋表面嚴重燒傷、接頭金屬過燒、未焊合等質(zhì)量缺陷,應切除接頭重焊,并查找原因及時清除。 檢查批量 外觀檢查時的批量為全部接頭; 機械性能檢查時, 在現(xiàn)澆鋼筋混凝土結構中,應以 300個同牌號鋼筋接頭作為一批;在房屋結構中,應在不超過二樓層中 300個同牌號鋼筋接頭作為一批,當不足 300個接頭時,仍應作為一批 。 外觀檢查 外觀檢查時,應首先由焊工對所焊接頭全部自檢,然后由質(zhì)檢人員逐個檢查 ; 外觀檢查的方法主要是目視檢查 , 必要時,可采用游標卡尺或其他專用工具 ; 外觀檢查項目和質(zhì)量要求如下: e 不得大于鋼筋直徑的 1/10,且不得大于 1mm(見下圖 a);當不同直徑鋼筋焊接時,應按較小鋼筋直徑計算,當大 于上述規(guī)定值時,但在鋼筋直徑的 3/10以下時, 4 可加熱矯正 (圖 12) ;當大于 3/10時,應切除重焊 ; 2度,當大于規(guī)定值時,應重新加熱矯正; 鐓粗 直徑 dc 不得小于鋼筋直徑的 ;熔態(tài)氣壓焊接頭 鐓粗 直徑 dc不得小于鋼筋直徑的 (見下圖 b);當小于上述規(guī)定值時,應重新加熱 鐓粗 ; d. 鐓粗 長度 Lc 不得小于鋼筋直徑的 ,且凸起部分平緩圓滑(見下圖 c),當小于上 5 述規(guī)定值時,應重新加熱鐓長; ,如若發(fā)現(xiàn),應 切除重焊; ; 拉伸試驗 接頭拉伸試件的受試長度 Ls 應等于鋼筋公稱直徑的 8倍,夾持長度 Lj 為 100~200mm,見下圖: 質(zhì)量驗收拉伸試件(受試長度 Ls,夾持長度 Lj,試件全長 L) 拉伸試驗結果 3個試件抗拉強度均不得低于 GB1499中該等級鋼筋規(guī)定的抗拉強度值,并斷于焊面之外,呈塑性斷裂 ; 拉伸試驗結果,若有一個試件不符合要求時,應切取 6個接頭進行復驗 ; 復驗結果,若仍有一個接頭不符合要求,則該批接頭判定為不合格品。) d≤ 25(mm) d> 25( mm) 1 Ⅰ 2d 3d 90 2 Ⅱ 4d 5d 90 6 3 Ⅲ 5d 6d 90 4 Ⅳ 7d 8d 90 彎曲試驗宜在萬能試驗機上進行,亦可在手動液壓彎曲試驗器上進行;試件受壓面的凸起部分應去除,與鋼筋外表面齊平;焊壓面應處在彎曲中心點,彎至 90度,試件不得在壓焊面發(fā)生破斷 ; 彎曲試驗結果,若有一個試件不符合要求,應切取 6個接頭進行復驗 ; 復試結果,若仍有一個試件不符合要求,則該批接頭判定為不合格品。 五、 成品保護 接頭焊接完成后,不得過早拆卸夾具 , 防止 接頭 彎曲變形、 彎折 ; 焊后不準敲砸鋼筋接頭,不準往剛焊完后的接頭上澆水; 焊接時搭設好腳手架,不準踩踏其他已綁扎好的鋼筋。鋼筋端面要切平,且垂直于軸線 , 打磨見光澤,無氧化現(xiàn)象;鋼筋安裝時上下同心, 夾具緊固,嚴防晃動;加熱要適度,加壓要適當 ; 若出現(xiàn)異?,F(xiàn)象,應參照 下表 查找原因 并 及時消除。 七、質(zhì)量記錄 本工藝標準應具備以下質(zhì)量記錄: 鋼筋出廠質(zhì)量證明書或試驗報告單 ; 鋼筋機械性能試驗報告 ; 進口鋼筋應有化學成分檢驗報告和可焊性試驗報告 ; 國產(chǎn)鋼筋在加工過程中發(fā)生脆斷、焊接性能不良和機械性能顯著不正常的,應有化學成分檢驗報告 ; 鋼筋接 頭拉伸試驗報告 ; 如工程需要時, 鋼筋氣壓焊用于梁、板的水平鋼筋連接時,還 應有鋼筋接頭的彎曲試驗報告。 其他未盡事宜嚴格按照現(xiàn)行規(guī)范和操作規(guī)程執(zhí)行,如有任何疑問,請于公司工程部聯(lián)系。 to implement , do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision。 not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers。 not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained selfconfidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrowminded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, pletely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Don39。t get into a blind alley, don39。t be narrowminded. Poke to care, is a kind of 12 openminded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people。m afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell don39。 and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things。 loss of sink, Eritrea pany. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest。 you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth, Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same。s mouth, because words will reduce its 13 importance。t envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind。am, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one。t envy him A sum of, don39。t let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to 14 go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sink