【正文】 ronment. After successful construction of the BakuTbilisiCeyhan oil pipeline and BakuTbilisiErzrum gas pipeline these aspects especially became very important for Azerbaijan and de?nitely, for the region. The BakuTbilisiCeyhan Crude Oil Export Pipeline prises a regional crude oil export transportation system, approximately 1750 in overall length. Generally, oil spill monitoring in the offshore and onshore is carried out by means of specially equipped airborne, ships and satellites. Obviously, daylights and weather conditions limit marine and aerial surveillance of oil spills. Keywords Space technology. Space image. Oil spil Detection Introduction Generally, oil spillage is categorized into four groups: minor, medium, major and disaster. Minor spill neither takes place when oil discharge is less than 25 barrels in inland waters nor less than 250 barrels on land, the offshore or coastal waters that does nor pose a threat to the public health or welfare. In case of the medium spill the spill must be 250 barrels or less in the inland water or from 250 to 2 500 barrels on land, offshore and coastal water while for the major spill, the discharge to the inland waters is in excess of 250 barrels on land, offshore or coastal waters. The disaster refers to any uncontrolled well blowout, pipeline rupture or storage tank failure which poses an immediate threat to public health or welfare. Satellitebased remote sensing equipment installed in the satellite is used for monitoring, detecting and identifying sources of accidental oil spills. Remote sensing devices include the use of infrared, video and photography from airborne platforms. In the mean time presently a number of systems like airborne radar, laser ?uorescence, microwave radiometer, SAR, ERS 1, ERS 2, ENVISAT and LANDSAT satellite systems are applied for the same purposes. Currently more than a dozen satellites are in the orbit producing petabytes of data daily. Detailed description of these satellites, major characteristics of sensors can be summarized as follows: ? Spatial resolution of sensors ranges from 1 meter (. IKONOS) to several kilometers (. GEOS) ? Satellite sensors monly use visible to nearinfrared, infrared and microwaveportions of electromagic spectrum。 ? Spectral resolution of satellite data ranges from single band (Radarsat) to multibands (. MODIS with 36 bands) ? Temporal resolution (repeat time) varies from several times a day (. Meteosat) Advanced Space Technology for Oil Spill Detection 2 ? The majority of satellites are sun synchronous and polar orbiting, crossing the equator at around 10 . local time during their descending pass ? Digital data are available in both panchromatic (black and white) and multi spectral modes Using the recent advanced space technology, the following methodology can be applied for the oil spills detections: ? Development of oil spill detection methods for the purpose of practical oil spill surveillance related to the space imagery with application of any weather conditions。 ? Development of appropriate data and user interface There is a need for effectively direct spill countermeasures such as mechanical containment and recovery, dispersant application and burning, protection of sites along threatened coastlines and the preparation of resources for the shoreline cleanup. As it is mentioned in the beginning, the remote sensing is one of the main methods for an effective response to the oil spills environmental monitoring. Timely response to an oil spill requires rapid investigation of the spill site to determine its exact location, extent of oil contamination, oil spill thickness, in particular. Policy makers, managers, scientists and the public can view the changing environment using the satellite images. Remote sensing is the discipline of observing the Earth’s surface without direct contact with the objects located at the surface. It allows obtaining information about the pla and human activities from a distance which can reveal interesting features that may not be possible or affordable from the ground level. One of the applications of remote sensing is water and coastal resources. It is essential to undertake the following aspects while using the remote sensing method: ? Determination of surface water areas ? Monitoring the environmental effects of human activities。 ? Determination of the extent of snow and ice。 ? Mapping shoreline changes。 ? Ultraviolet and infrared scanners which allow to detect respectively very thin and very thick oil ?lms。 Wahl et al., 1993). Despite these limitations, radar is an important tool for oil spill remote sensing since it is the only sensor capable of searching large areas. Radars, as active sensors operating in the microwave region of the electromagic spectrum are one of the few sensors that can detect at night and through clouds or fog (Schnick S, InSAR and LIDAR, 2022). Oil Spill Monitoring and Data Development The Method of Oil Spill Monitoring Due to the operation of the oil?eld “Azeri – Chirag – Guneshli” (ACG), located in the Azerbaijani sector of the Caspian Sea oil production was increased. From the beginning of 1997 development of ACG up to December, 1st, 2022 Azerbaijan International Operating Company (AIOC) could extract a crude oil from interior of the Caspian Sea already 81,25 million tons of oil where oil?eld “Chirag” produced 51,06 million tons. The pipeline will extend the capacity and as a result of this it is a need of creating a reliable monitoring system for the more sensitive areas with the greatest oil spill risk. Exploration work and oil production began on the Caspian Sea shelf a long time ago. The Caspian Sea is characterized by an extreme ecological sensitivity and a high biodiversity. Oil damps and emergency of oil spill are an extremely bad in?uence for the