【正文】 的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，直接加 s變復(fù)數(shù)： 如： two Marys the Henrys monkey——monkeys holiday——holidays 比較： 層樓： storey ——storeys story——stories 2） 以 o結(jié)尾的名詞，變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)： a. 加 s，如： photo——photos, piano——pianos, radio——radios, zoo——zoos； b. 加 es，如： potato——potatoes, tomato——tomatoes c. 均可，如： zero——zeros / zeroes （這類的特殊詞變化需要強(qiáng)化記憶。如： a dollar， two dollars； a meter， two meters 3）集體名詞，以單數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。 如： The Chinese are industries and brave. 中國(guó)人民是勤勞勇敢的。 b. news 是不可數(shù)名詞。 The United Nations was anized in 1945. 聯(lián)合國(guó)是 1945年組建起來(lái)的。 The Arabian Nights is a very interesting storybook. 一千零一夜 是一本非常有趣的故事書。其中只有名詞的所有格有形式變化。s C. doctors39。s ( )4. The room is _______. They are brothers. A. Tom and Mike39。s and Mike39。s and Mike D. Tom and Mike ( )5. The box is made of a kind of hard _______. A. wooden B. wood C. woods D. word ( )6. Can you see some _______ on the hill? A. sheeps and deers B. sheeps and deer C. sheep and deers D. sheep and deer ( )7. How many _______ shall we pay for the special service? A. money B. yuans C. dollars D. pound ( )8. Would you like some _______? Thank you, but I am not hungry. A. breads B. cakes C. oranges D. orange juice ( )9. There are few _______ for supper. Would you please buy some carrots and cabbages on your way home? A. meat B. eggs C. fruit D. vegetables ( )10. Would you like some _______? Oh, yes, just a little please. A. pears B. apples C. bananas D. milk 冠詞 一、不定冠詞 a, an a用在輔音音素開頭的詞前 eg. a book, a useful book, a “u” an用于元音開頭的詞前 . eg. an apple, an hour, an “F” 不定冠詞的用法： 1 指一類人或事，相當(dāng)于 a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2 第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you. 3 表示 “ 每一 ” 相當(dāng)于 every， one We study eight hours a day. 4 表示“相同”相當(dāng)于 the same We are nearly of an age. 5 用于人名前，表示不認(rèn)識(shí)此人或與某名人有類似性質(zhì)的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out That boy is rather a Lei Feng. 6 用于固定詞組中 A couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7 用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后 This room is rather a big one. 8 用于 so (as, too, how)+形容詞之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 二、定冠詞 the ? 1 表示某一類人或物 The horse is a useful animal. ? 2 用于世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物名詞前 the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean ? 3 表示說(shuō)話雙方都了解的或上文提到過(guò)的人或事 Would you mind opening the door? ? 4 用于樂(lè)器前面 play the violin, play the guitar ? 5 用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人 the reach, the living, the wounded， the sick, the old ? 6 表示“一家人”或“夫婦” (加在姓氏 前 ) the Greens, the Wangs ? 7 用于序數(shù)詞和形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)前 He is the taller of the two children. ? 8 用于國(guó)家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群島的名詞前 the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French ? 9 用于表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前 The pass was invented in China. ? 10 在逢十的復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)詞之前，指世紀(jì)的某個(gè) 年代 in the 1990’s ? 11 用于表示單位的名詞前 I hired the car by the hour. ? 12 用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞，及表示 時(shí)間的詞組前 He patted me on the shoulder. 三 . 零冠詞的用法 ? 1 專有名詞，物質(zhì)名詞，抽象名詞，人名 Beijing, University, Jack, China, love, air 地名等名詞前 Have you ever been to Shanghai? ? 2 名詞前有 this, my, whose, some, no, each, every等限制 I want this book, not that one. / Whose purse is this? ? 3 季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，一日三餐前 March, Sunday, National Day, spring. It is hot in summer. ? 4 表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞前 Lincoln was made President of America. ? 5 學(xué)科，語(yǔ)言，球類，棋類名詞前 He likes playing football/chess. We study English. ? 6 與 by連用表示交通工具的名詞前 by train, by air, by land ? 7 以 and連接的兩個(gè)相對(duì)的名詞并用時(shí) husband and wife, knife and fork, day and night ? 8 表示泛指的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前 Horses are useful animals. ? 9 名詞前已有用作定語(yǔ)的 this, that my, your, some, any, no, whose, every, each等代詞時(shí)，不用冠詞 That is her bike. ? 10 在某些固定詞組的名詞前 at home, at night, after school, by bus,