智能電網(wǎng)技術(shù)專題三-在線瀏覽
2025-07-18 06:23本頁(yè)面
【正文】 統(tǒng)效率可達(dá) 80%。目前在日本及北美已有 100余座鈉硫電池儲(chǔ)能電站在運(yùn)行中，是各種二次電池中最成熟也是最具潛力的技術(shù)。由于液流電池電池組和電解液儲(chǔ)液罐可以分開放置 , 因而可以因地制宜安排相對(duì)位置，并可根據(jù)設(shè)置場(chǎng)所的情況自由設(shè)計(jì)儲(chǔ)藏形式及隨意選擇形狀。 ? 相變儲(chǔ)能的使用可作為電力調(diào)峰的重要手段之一，使用相變材料的蓄能空調(diào)技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為國(guó)際上普遍使用的調(diào)峰填谷的技術(shù)。 ? 通過相變儲(chǔ)能進(jìn)行調(diào)峰僅需一次性投資，運(yùn)行費(fèi)用極低，且不受地形地勢(shì)的限制，具備大規(guī)模應(yīng)用的潛力。實(shí)際運(yùn)行的超導(dǎo)電纜電阻主要來(lái)自于電纜終端和接頭。 39 NbTi超導(dǎo)線截面圖 40 超導(dǎo)體的冷卻方式 低溫超導(dǎo)體 液氦（ Liquid Helium, ） 超流氦（ Superliquid Helium, ） 高溫超導(dǎo)體 液氮（ Liquid Nitrogen, 77K） 制冷機(jī)直接傳導(dǎo)冷卻 （ Conduction Cooling by Cryocoolers) GM cryocooler 41 液氦冷卻的超導(dǎo)磁體 傳熱方式： 對(duì)流 傳導(dǎo) 輻射 42 制冷機(jī)直接傳導(dǎo)冷卻的超導(dǎo)磁體 43 先進(jìn)二次側(cè)技術(shù) ? 先進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù) ? AMI ? 集成通信網(wǎng)絡(luò) 44 當(dāng)前狀態(tài) 24秒掃描速率 功率、電壓、電流、斷路器狀態(tài) 數(shù)據(jù)主要來(lái)源于變電站 2345761891011121314151617電網(wǎng)僅部分可見 45 智能電網(wǎng)狀態(tài) 750 +282j 250 +84j 100 +62j 20 + 8j 276 + 120j 130 + 8j 300 + 100j 750 + 262j 440 + 200j 120 + 11j 350 + 150j 227 + 420j 704 + 308j 2 3 4 5 7 6 1 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 176 +88j 高速數(shù)據(jù)獲取 觀測(cè)量更多，包括相角、用戶狀態(tài)等 增強(qiáng)的電網(wǎng)可觀性 46 先進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù) ? 信號(hào)傳感技術(shù) 電磁互感器 電子式互感器 ? 模擬數(shù)字變換技術(shù) ∑Δ型模數(shù)轉(zhuǎn)換方式 ? 鎖相跟蹤技術(shù) 模擬鎖相 數(shù)字鎖相 ? 時(shí)標(biāo)同步技術(shù) GPS同步對(duì)時(shí)（ 2套以上） ? 數(shù)據(jù)濾波處理技術(shù) 靜態(tài)濾波 動(dòng)態(tài)濾波 ? 高速數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)算處理技術(shù) 傅立葉分析法 ? 高速數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信傳輸技術(shù) IEC系列協(xié)議 47 Online Stability Monitoring amp。 Adjustment Controlled Separation amp。 reduce widearea blackouts Reduce system restoration time and outage durations Improve accuracy of models Research Development Application Demonstration 先進(jìn)數(shù)據(jù)采集技術(shù) 48 利用 WAMS數(shù)據(jù)及 EMS數(shù)據(jù)實(shí)現(xiàn)全網(wǎng)可視化 ? Industry Issues – How to use PMUs to improve system operators situational awareness? – How to handle large volume of PMU data? ? EPRI Solutions: Developed wide area visualization tool using PMU and EMS data – Developed eventreplay function to assist postevent analysis – Developed realtime security monitoring function – Developed disturbance location determination function 49 基于量測(cè)的電壓穩(wěn)定性分析 ? Industry Issues – Need online voltage stability monitoring and analysis capabilities – Simulationbased voltage stability analysis approach has limitations. ? EPRI Solutions: Developed threelevel voltage stability monitoring and analysis framework – Developed Voltage Instability Load Shedding to calculate voltage stability margin at substation level – Developed Measurementbased Voltage Stability Monitoring and Control algorithm to calculate voltage stability margin at Voltage Control Area level – Developing visualization tool to help system operators monitor systemwide voltage stability condition 50 基于 PMU的解列控制方案 ? Industry Issues – Where to separate? – When to separate? – How to separate? ? EPRI Solutions: Developed PMUbased Controlled Separation Framework – Study cascading scenarios offline and determine potential separation interfaces – Use PMU to monitor oscillation and developed algorithm to quickly identify the dominate oscillation mode. – Developed PMUbased OutofStep Relay scheme to determine the separation timing 51 用于驗(yàn)證系統(tǒng)模型的準(zhǔn)確程度 ? Industry Issues – Having accurate models is important for system planning studies – Validation of models is challenging ? EPRI Solutions: – Developed measurementbased load modeling methods and tools that can use measured disturbance data to validate load models. – Developed methods and tools that can use measured disturbance data to validate generator dyanmic models 0 0 . 2 0 . 4 0 . 6 0 . 8 1 1 . 2 1 . 4 1 . 6 1 . 8 200 . 20 . 40 . 60 . 81Ti m e ( s e c o n d s )Voltage (pu)H a s s a y a m p a 5 0 0 k V M e a s u r e dS i m u l a t e d H = 0 . 3S i m u l a t e d H = 0 . 0 3S i m u l a t e d H = 0 . 0 5S i
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