【正文】 deformation after the 1st heating . After the 1/2 of the 1st cycle. The critical pressure is shown in fig. 3 in dependence on the plasma heating and the temperature in the cooling channels Tcc. Evidently, the critical pressure is strongly dependent on the temperature in the cooling channels and relatively slightly on the plasma heating up to 450 500 kW/m2 approximately. Increasing plasma heating takes however a leading influence on the critical pressure whereas the temperature in the cooling channels plays a decreasing role and, finally, plastic deformation occurs for all Tec without pressure due to the temperature gradient alone if the plasma heating reaches 1000kW/M2. For this heating, the plastic deformation is localized in a narrow band along the plasmafacing side, see fig. 4 (on the left). A high pressure causes an additional plastic deformation located in a left bottom or left top corners of the 1St or 2nd cooling channels if the pressure in the channels reaches a critical value discussed above, see fig. 4 (on the right). The magnitude of the deformation is higher than the magnitude of the thermal plastic strain. 三。第一和第二。 甲材料模型的描述給出了 [3]和外部的文件所在。從生命的時間研究產(chǎn)生的數(shù)據(jù)，歐洲鋼鐵聯(lián)盟 97at 450（ 723K）， 550（ 823K）和650（ 923K）由 J. Aktaa＆ R的表現(xiàn) 施密特 [1]，以及在室內(nèi)溫度（ RT）由 [2]被用來調(diào)整一 Abaqus 中所需的非線性各向同性，運動強化模型 [3 材料參數(shù) ]。 R. Schmitt [1] as well as at the room temperature (RT) provided by M. Weick [2] have been used to adjust material parameters required for an ABAQUSown nonlinear isotropickinematic hardening model [3]. This model is able to account . for the Bauschinger effect, a cyclic hardening with plastic shakedown as well as for a ratcheting. A description of the material model is given in [3] and lies outside the paper. The determined values for the parameters C, y, Q and b specified also in [3] are collected in tabs. I and II. TABLE I. KINEMATIC HARDENING: THE FITTED PARAMETER C FOR DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES。上述兩項要求的實現(xiàn)，以及在新的規(guī)則毯福爾設(shè)計師緊迫需要為工作狀態(tài)，從而提出了積極的初始條件。這種不正常的行為導(dǎo)致最終以必要的修改等一些著名的 3條重要釤傳統(tǒng)的設(shè)計規(guī)則的制定。甲高溫設(shè)計規(guī)則考慮蠕變 /疲勞是工作目標的決心。此外，粘塑性材料模型考慮物質(zhì)損害病患者實施的一種有限元中的用戶材料（ UMAT）最近已申請模擬，結(jié)果也被使用的材料獲得上述模型進行了比較。其次，這是一個對工作溫度和試驗包層模塊（隧道掘進機）目前的設(shè)計負荷范圍的定義。 Evaluation of Material Design Limits for TBM Applications AbstractThe aim of the work presented is, firstly, an evaluation of existing design rules considered for austenitic steels exhibiting hardening cycle by cycle contrary to the reduced activation ferriticmartensitic steels (RAFM), which soften under cyclic loading. Secondly, it is a definition of the range of operation temperatures and loads for the current design of the test blanket module (TBM). Results of cycling tests of the EUROFER 97 performed by J. Aktaa amp。 R. Schmitt Ill have been thereby used to adjust material parameters needed for an ABAQUSown bined nonlinear isotropickinematic hardening model. Furthermore, the viscoplastic material model considering material damage Ill implemented recently as an ABAQUS user material (UMAT) has been applied for simulations and the results have been pared with those obtained using the material model mentioned above. Keywordstest blanket module, reduced activation ferriticmartensitic steel, EUROFER 97, structural design code, cyclic softening, stress categoriuation, ratcheting, hightemperature design rules TBM材料 設(shè)計極限的評估 摘要，這項工作的目的提出的是，第一，對現(xiàn)有的參展硬化奧氏體鋼和軟化的馬氏體鋼的現(xiàn)有規(guī)則的評價。對由 J. Aktaa＆河施密特表現(xiàn)欠佳的歐洲鋼鐵聯(lián)盟 97 單車試驗的結(jié)果已使使用 來調(diào)整有限元中結(jié)合自己的非線性各向同性運動強化模型所需的材料參數(shù)。 關(guān)鍵詞 試驗包層模塊，減少活化鐵素體，馬氏體鋼，歐洲鋼鐵聯(lián)盟 97，結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計規(guī)范，循環(huán)軟化，強調(diào)準則，棘輪，高溫設(shè)計規(guī)則 I. INTRODUCTION This work is a part of the development activity of the ITER test blanket module (TBM).A determination of hightemperature design rules considering the creep/fatigue is the aim of the work. According to the presentday vision, the TBM should be manufactured from a reducedactivation ferriticmartensitic (RAFM) ste