【正文】
的系數(shù), ti’是水印系數(shù), xi是一個 被用于水印中的 隨機序列的高斯分布 。我們對其使用兩種不同的準則,一種是 LL頻段,剩下的將使用另一種頻段 ,那就是當 a= 的時候使用 LL頻段, a=。 i參數(shù)的范圍 是 從 1 到20200,使其在一 個令人滿意的 80000 系數(shù) 間的變化。 基于塊分類 和 DCT 域的圖像水印算法 摘要:本文提出了一種基 于 離散余弦變換( DCT)域圖像水印算法。 第一階段,它 將一個標識符號 嵌入 進圖像。 該算法有兩個處理步驟。兩種不同的參數(shù)規(guī)則表明修改 DCT 參數(shù)系數(shù)出現(xiàn)頻率的重要性。上述所提到的水印算法是不能在 JGEG壓縮和過濾條件下使用的。 為了避免 (他人) 未經(jīng)授權 就發(fā)布 圖片或其他多媒體 資源, 已經(jīng) 提出了大量的解決方法。這種圖片修改技術被稱為水印。 水印算法已經(jīng)被大量的頒布過。 這些算法, 包含了 圖像強度域 和變換 域 。將授權信息嵌入 DCT 系數(shù)后應用所得的 DCT系數(shù)來處理整個圖像。通過特征嵌入來編寫絕對代碼分配給所有者后讓其嵌入圖像。 信號檢測理論是一種 對許多領域都有效的應用 技術 。圖像壓縮是每個圖像都有可能經(jīng)歷的圖像變化過程。 JPEG 格式是基于盡可能減少資源在 離散余弦變換( DCT)域 上的消耗(而產(chǎn)生的)。 在擬定的水印算法中,圖像被分割成類似 JPEG算法的 8*8像素塊。第一步是依據(jù) 高斯網(wǎng) 來選擇某些特定的塊。該參數(shù)是把高斯函數(shù)加在系統(tǒng)規(guī)定的 DCT 系數(shù)上使其組成水印代碼。 A SUBBAND DCT APPROACH TO IMAGE WATERMARKING A subbandDCT approach for image watermarking is proposed in this munication. The watermark is casted in a selected number of coefficients of all four bands of a onelevel deposition. A great number of coefficients is being used. Each band gives a different detection output. The result is taken as the average detection result of all bands. It is shown that the final result is better than the detection output of each individual band, thus leading to a very robust watermarking scheme. 1. INTRODUCTION The great spread of digital media in nowadays, has urged for the protection of the intellectual property rights of the creators. By their nature, digital media are 100% reliably copied, so the need for an effective marking system is obvious. This is where watermarking es in. Watermarking stands for the embedding of perceptually invisible information into image data that identify the rightful creator/owner. Watermarks should be robust to various image attacks. Every attempt to remove the ownership information from the original image is called an attack. Some mon attacks include filtering, JPEG pression, histogram modification, cropping, rotation and downscaling. There are two main directions for embedding, namely the spatial and the frequency domain. The spatial domain techniques are more vulnerable in mon image attacks such as filtering or JPEG pression. The frequencydomain approaches are the most popular for image watermarking. In these schemes, the image is being transformed via some mon frequency transform and watermarking is achieved by altering the trans