【正文】 the structural changes in terms of age, environment (urban, rural) and occupation influence tourism as a whole and they especially influence specific forms of tourism. The analysis of the demographic changes regards primarily the changes in the age pyramid and in the active population/inactive population ratio. Thus, the restructuring of the age pyramid shows a growth of the elderly population and it determines a larger portion of this population to be involved in practicing a specific form of tourism, joining tourists that are mainly middleaged, the socalled active population. Regarding the ageing phenomenon, the share of people over the age of 60 is increasing across Europe (% of the population in 2020, meaning 40 million people, pared to 13% in 1997。 % of the European Union population in 2020, with an upward trend of 30% in 2060 (Giannakouris, 2020)), which positively influences the tourism activity because of the characteristics of elderly people: a general good state of health and mobility, free time to practice tourism, well informed consumers, curious of new experiences, less seasonal than other categories of tourists, practicing tourism throughout the year. Regarding the vacation destinations, elderly tourists prefer the sea, tours and short stays in urban centers. The demographic changes in Northern Europe, United States of America and Japan will increase the importance of the “third age” market and in regions where the population is increasingly younger – South Europe, South America and Southeast Asia – a growth of the market will be recorded for the segment of people between 18 and 30 years old. At global level the youth represents 3035% of the population and is demographic segment with a major role in increasing the tourist traffic due to more free time, the need for training, the desire to have fun, etc. The number of pupils and students is rapidly increasing all over the world and, 外文翻譯 1 4 consequently, this is a good thing for the youth travel industry. This population segment includes young people who are travelling more often – both in groups and individually – and from a younger age than the previous generations. They are spending more and are travelling farther, towards more adventurous destinations and expecting more from their experiences thanprevious generations (Richards and Wilson, 2020). They will also contribute to increasing the social support of young people travelling in terms of the fact that parents, educators and employees – all the generations past young age – consider the independent travels of youth an important factor of personal development. This fact is also proven by the growing number of young people travelling in groups。 changes of perception regarding the limits of social classes, which allowed increased access to various opportunities related to tourism and travelling and which were previously available only to tourists from the privileged social classes。 ? the number of unemployed young people, which started to drop。 ? people over 50 years old (babyboomers) – are characteristic from a demographical standpoint for the tourism demand in Western Europe and North America. Most are early retired persons, who have enough time and resources to travel, stay for longer periods of time at a destination, their spending is above average and their main travelling motivation is cultural。 ? personal savings。 ? various means that make the vacation less expensive (last minute deals, more people travelling with the same vehicle to reduce the cost of transport, housing more people in one room, etc.)。 at the same time, low prices stimulate demand, but there are also side effects – for example, very low prices or their drastic cut may generate distrust in the quality of the services and, as a result, a low travel frequency. Discounts are very important for most young people and students. Over half of them receive discounts due to their student status as follows (Richards and Wilson, 2020): Up to 30% because of their age (up to 26 years old)。 Up to 17% for acmodation. Of course, there are a few discounts for young people over 26 years old, such as air travel discounts by using member cards and discounts given to tourist groups. The tourism offer consists of tourism resources (natural and manmade), equipments and labour force and acts directly over the consumer and the phenomenon in its entirety. The abundance of natural, historical, civilization and cultural values of a country or region, as well as their level of development, exercise a great force of attraction on youth, determining the size and direction of tourist flows. The suppliers of tourism products for youth tend to develop new products as the market matures and as experienced travellers enter a new stage of their tourist carrier. 外文翻譯 1 7 The increased revenues of the tourism providers based on the activity of young people, as well as the benefits that youth and students can obtain by travelling, has changed the attitude towards the youth travel market. Taken as a whole, the tourism industry has had a slow reaction in terms of accepting the importance of youth travel as being a significant and expanding market segment. While some tour operators conquered the target market of youth travel with considerable success, the market represented by youth travelling in other regions of the world was largely neglected and even abandoned in favour of other market segments. School holidays are the most requested periods by young people and the availability of cheap tourism products is obviously limited, consequently, specific programmes don?t “attract” youth