【正文】 ul Behrens approve of? A.Following a nationally remended diet can do good to our health.C.Some high173。t mention the diet explicitly for its impacts can be ignored.（2）What do the underlined words takes a big toll on shows signs ofhas a bad effect ontakes full advantage ofmakes up for（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.caused greenhouse gas with only a third of the ice173。It is estimated that following dietary guidelines can lead to decrease in more land use than in nutrient pollution.C. new program concerning healthy eating for schools is likely to be based on national nutrition guidelines.D.t effected much.【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了營養(yǎng)指南對地球也有利。 （1）考查推理判斷。impact nations, in general, you can see that, if you follow a nationally remended diet, despite the fact that these diets don39。t explicitly mention—environmental impacts, that you are going to have lower environmental impacts due to that.” 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)（營養(yǎng)膳食指南的）影響因國家而異，但總的來說，在影響力較大的國家，如果你遵循國家推薦的膳食指南，即使這些膳食并未明晰對環(huán)境的影響，或者大多數(shù)膳食沒有明確說明這一點，但是你對環(huán)境的影響會因為遵循指南而減輕。 （2）考查詞義猜測。free land on Earth is used for agriculture, and according to some estimates, producing food accounts for roughly a fifth of all human173。肥料徑流也導(dǎo)致了其他問題，例如伊利湖的藻類爆發(fā)以及墨西哥灣的死亡區(qū)域。takes a big toll on固定短語，“付出了巨大的代價”，故選B。根據(jù)第三段中的“A third of the ice173。caused greenhouse gas emissions.”地球上三分之一的無冰區(qū)被用于農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，根據(jù)一些估算，食物生產(chǎn)大約占到了人類造成的溫室氣體排放量的五分之一。A選項的描述 糧食生產(chǎn)可導(dǎo)致約20%的人為造成的溫室氣體，而只使用了三分之一的無冰土地 正確，故選A。3．閱讀理解 But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life. and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature。 . helps to avoid various mistakes contributes to one39。 . is always a waste of time to make plans about the future is human nature to make attempts on what looks impossible should always challenge the impossible to push the society forward has to use wisdom in deciding what is the best thing to do【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了人類的大腦在20歲左右于巔峰，在以后的成就多數(shù)是因為需要豐富的經(jīng)驗。人們要用智慧來決定做什么才是最好的。根據(jù)第一段“It has been discovered that after the age of sixteen, the number of our brain cells begins to decrease at a speed of several million a year. They simply die off. In certain types of activity, the human brain is at its highest point in the early twenties, ... and we know that Albert Einstein made all his worldshaking discoveries between the age of about 20 and 25, and spent the rest of his life tidying them up and arranging them.” 人們發(fā)現(xiàn)，16歲以后，我們的腦細(xì)胞數(shù)量開始以每年幾百萬的速度減少。愛因斯坦在20到25歲之間做出了所有震驚世界的發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)對愛因斯坦所的發(fā)現(xiàn)可知，他的偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)是在2025歲之間，更是印證了人類大腦在20年代初達到了巔峰，可推斷出，本段主要研究人類大腦巔峰期，故選B。根據(jù)第二段“But in certain other types of activity (of which being an author is perhaps one), experience is more important than sharpness of brain, and there one usually finds that a person reaches his or her peak much later in life.”但在某些其他類型的活動中(作家可能是其中一種)，經(jīng)驗比頭腦的敏捷更重要，人們通常會發(fā)現(xiàn)一個人在他一生的晚期才達到頂峰。故選A。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besides sharpness of brain and experience, here is another thing that is very important, and that is wisdom.... Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible； and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react.”除了敏銳的頭腦和豐富的經(jīng)驗外，還有一件事是非常重要的，那就是智慧。最重要的是了解人性，了解真實的人是如何行為和反應(yīng)的，以及人們希望他們?nèi)绾涡袨楹头磻?yīng)的。故選D。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Leaning to be wise is basically learning what is not possible；and what is possible but so difficult that it is not worth all the trouble one has to go through to get there. Mostly, it is learning about human nature；how real people behave and react, as against how one would like them to behave and react. One can read and hear lot of idealistic stuff about how to make the world a better place, which would be found if it was based on an accurate observation of human nature,”成為智者，要大體上知道什么是不可能的。最重要的是學(xué)習(xí)人性，了解真實的人是如何行為和反應(yīng)的，以及人們希望他們?nèi)绾涡袨楹头磻?yīng)的。故選D。4．閱讀理解 s energy and then releases it as heat to make the ice on the windshield disappear. Solar energy is only available about half the time we need it — during daylight. For the sun to bee a major power provider for human needs, there has to be an efficient way to save it up for use during nighttime and stormy days. Most such efforts have focused on storing and recovering solar energy in the form of electricity, but the new finding, by MlI professor Jeffrey Grossman, Postdoc David Zhitomirsky and graduate student Eugene Cho, could provide a highly efficient method for storing the sun39。The key to enabling longterm, stable storage of solar heat, the team said, is to store it in the form of a chemical change rather than storing the heat itself. But heat will disappear over time no matter how good the material around it is, so the team set up a chemical storage system that can keep the energy in a stable molecular configuration. When exposed to sunlight, the molecules can stay that way for long periods Then, when triggered (觸發(fā))by a very specific temperature or something else, the molecules return to their original shape , giving off heat in the process. imagination. interest readers in the passage. introduce a new kind of material.（2）According to the passage, what can the polymer film do? can be made into window glass. can make necessary electricity. can store energy and release sunshine. can absorb sunshine and give off heat.（3）According to the passage, what is STF based on? chemical reaction. movement of heat. form of electricity. physical reaction.（4）Wh