【正文】 n aggression, defend the homeland39?？梢?，孔子也是把華夏漢族和華夏漢文化視為中華正統(tǒng)，不容外族取代中華正統(tǒng)?？鬃釉谡撜Z(yǔ)中評(píng)價(jià)管仲說(shuō):“微管仲,吾其披發(fā)左衽矣!”，意思是，有了管仲，華夏沒有亡于外族。古代中國(guó)人歷來(lái)就有抵抗外侵、保衛(wèi)家園的光榮傳統(tǒng)，一旦有外族入侵，便會(huì)英勇反抗，絕不允許外來(lái)入侵者篡奪中華正統(tǒng)的地位。s important to see a China with the former regime, on the domestic regime change in the form of a place of the former Chinese regime, or outside conqueror posture to replace the former one Chinese ，更是一個(gè)民族與文化的概念。判斷歷史上一個(gè)政權(quán)是否是中國(guó)政權(quán)，主要看它與前一個(gè)中國(guó)政權(quán)的關(guān)系，是以國(guó)內(nèi)政權(quán)更換的形式取代前一個(gè)中國(guó)政權(quán)，還是以外來(lái)征服者的姿態(tài)取代前一個(gè)中國(guó)政權(quán)。往古已來(lái)，中國(guó)有圣則后服，朝堂有變則先叛”。根據(jù)史料，日本也常常自稱“華夏”、“中華”。因?yàn)樗麄冞@個(gè)自稱的“中國(guó)”通常指地理概念上的“中原”而不是國(guó)家意義上的“中國(guó)”。In ancient China, the National Unity sometimes, and sometimes separatist, the Chinese meaning of the word in different times different, generally refers to a unified national strategy, the split means more when the Central the territory of the emperor rule changes, the Chinese word, including its coverage varies accordingly.“China” in the name of King Wu of Zhou period of the Western Zhou Dynasty agreed to “central country.” Passed in 3000, the Duke of the Yangcheng(today Henan Dengfeng)with Tugui measure the shadow of the sun, measured Next day noontime, Bachimen39?！爸袊?guó)”這一名稱在西周周武王時(shí)期意為“中央之國(guó)”。第一篇：中英文對(duì)照中國(guó)歷史簡(jiǎn)介中國(guó)歷史簡(jiǎn)介Brief History of China在我國(guó)古代，國(guó)家有時(shí)統(tǒng)一，有時(shí)分裂，中國(guó)一詞的含義在不同時(shí)代也不同，大致統(tǒng)一時(shí)期略指全國(guó)，分裂時(shí)多指中原。隨著皇帝統(tǒng)治疆土的變化，中國(guó)一詞所包括的范圍也相應(yīng)有所不同。相傳3000年前，周公在陽(yáng)城(今河南登封)用土圭測(cè)度日影，測(cè)得夏至這一天午時(shí)，八尺之表于周圍景物均沒有日影，便認(rèn)為這是大地的中心，因此周朝謂之中國(guó)。s table in the surrounding landscape are not the shadow of the sun, we think this is the center of the earth, so that goes to ，雖然有些外族入侵中原后建立的政權(quán)也自稱“中國(guó)”，但是并不代表它們就是中國(guó)政權(quán)。即使歷史上的某個(gè)政權(quán)自稱中國(guó)政權(quán)，也未必代表它就真的是中國(guó)政權(quán)。例如《大日本史》卷117，載奈良時(shí)代藤原廣嗣在公元740年（唐代開元二十八年）上表日主：“北狄蝦夷，西戎隼俗，狼性易亂，野心難馴。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束，日本天皇在《終戰(zhàn)詔書》中還把日本稱為“神州”，但是日本和中國(guó)顯然是兩國(guó)。After the Han Dynasty, although some alien invasion originally established by the regime are calling themselves “Chinese” But this does not mean that the Chinese they are the selfstyled “China” usually refers to a geographical concept of “heartland,” rather than a national sense of “China.” Even in the history of any regime claiming the Chinese regime, it does not necessarily mean it really is the Chinese to historical data, the Japanese are often called himself “China” and “China.” For example, “in connection with” Volume 117, Nara era Fujiwara containing widely Nations in the year 740(Tang Dynasty 1939), Table Main : “Beidi Rong Falcon secular and Wolf easy chaotic, difficult to tame have e to ancient China after the , Zhutang change, I will rebel.” The end of World War II, the Japanese emperor in “the end of the war rescript” Japan also known as “Divine”, but Japan and China is obviously the judgment on whether a regime of the Chinese regime, it39。中國(guó)是華夏漢族建立并以華夏漢族為主體的國(guó)家。從霍去病的“匈奴未滅，何以家為”，到岳飛的“精忠報(bào)國(guó)”，每一次遭受外侵，古代中國(guó)人都奮起抵抗，無(wú)一不驗(yàn)證了這一光榮傳統(tǒng)。什么叫“披發(fā)左衽”？ “披發(fā)左衽”的反義詞，就是“束發(fā)右衽”，也就是華夏漢族的發(fā)型服裝，是華夏漢族和華夏漢文化的代表。所謂的“夷狄入中國(guó)，則中國(guó)之”，這里的“夷狄入中國(guó)”指的是歸化、內(nèi)附中國(guó)，決不是以外來(lái)征服者的姿態(tài)征服中國(guó)。s glorious traditions, once the alien invasion, it would heroic resistance never allow foreign invaders usurp China orthodox engraving of Huo Qubing “Huns not extinguished, and why the family”, Yue Fei39。s Han hairstyle clothing, China is Han Chinese culture and Chinese shows that Confucius was also put China and China Han Han Chinese culture as orthodox and not orthodox tribe replace socalled “barbarians into China, then China”, where the “YellowChina” refers to the naturalization, containing China, is not a foreign conqueror gesture to conquer ，大儒學(xué)家顧炎武提出了“亡國(guó)”與“亡天下”之辨。亡國(guó)與亡天下奚辨?曰:易姓改號(hào),謂之亡國(guó)?！睂W(xué)者黃宗羲所言,“明亡于闖賊,乃亡國(guó)也,亡于滿清,則亡天下”。這里的“亡國(guó)”是現(xiàn)代意義上的政權(quán)消亡，這里的“亡天下”則是現(xiàn)代意義上的民族國(guó)家的淪亡?！笨梢?，明朝的民眾，已經(jīng)把滿清入關(guān)與以前的改朝換代嚴(yán)格區(qū)分開來(lái)。Enter, Daru Jurists Gu Yanwu the “Nation” and “death” one of said : “Nation, perish the and the world perish 15:20 ethnicity? Said : Yixing change, known as the injects As for the rate of animal food, will cannibalism, that the world perishes.”scholar Huang Zongxi said, “Ming perish in Chenzei, is also Nation, killed in the Qing Dynasty, the world will perish