【正文】 he water from here, so dare not need to do表示過去沒有必要做 She didn’t need to attend the meeting yesterday, and she stayed with her children.(她沒有參加)五、should與ought to用法對(duì)比表對(duì)比點(diǎn) should ought to表“應(yīng)該” 表勸告、建議You should listen to the doctor’s should learn from Zhang Hua 表示“有責(zé)任有必要”做某事You ought to finish your work before you go ought to help each 、表“估計(jì)”They should get home by “非常可能”的事，可譯為“總應(yīng)該”If we start to work right now, we ought to finish it before lunch.(午飯前應(yīng)當(dāng)能干完)注： 1）、should還可在虛擬語氣中的使用2).注意：ought to的疑問式及否定式Ought he to go?Yes, I think he ought , he oughtn’t ：ought not to a或oughtn’t to do(不說ought to not do)反疑問句：oughtn’t ______?六、shall與will的用法對(duì)比表shall Will，用于第一、三人稱：Shall I(we)??Shall he(she)?? Where shall I(we)wait for you? 1． 詢問對(duì)方的意思或向?qū)Ψ教岢鲆螅篧ill you(please)?? Won’t you??Would you like to??(用would替代will更客氣)Won’t you go and see the film?你不去看電影嗎？Yes, I think I ，我想去。You shall do what I tell you(to do).我叫你干什么你就干什么。表示“意志”“意愿”，用于各種人稱：I won’t do anything you don’t 。七：used to與would用法對(duì)比表used to would、狀態(tài)，重在與現(xiàn)在情況的對(duì)比，不一定要有時(shí)間狀語。按其可能性程度的高低排列為： Must ﹥will ﹥would ﹥ought to ﹥ should ﹥ can ﹥ could﹥ may ﹥ might肯定 完全可能 很可能 可能 有可能：may not或許不、可能不 might not可能不 can’t 不可能mustn’t不許、禁止 shouldn’t不應(yīng)該 needn’t 不必：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞可以對(duì)現(xiàn)在、進(jìn)行、過去推測(cè)S主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+adj 對(duì)“性質(zhì)”“特征”的推測(cè)S主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+n 對(duì)“職業(yè)”“事物”的推測(cè)S主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+V原 對(duì)經(jīng)常性行為的推測(cè)S主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+Ving 對(duì)進(jìn)行著的行為的推測(cè)S主+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have+PP 對(duì)過去的行為的推測(cè)特別提醒：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)時(shí)can只能用于否定句和疑問句must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑問句其實(shí)就用can來代替了）如句中有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 完成時(shí)，定是對(duì)過去的推測(cè)。I don’t know 之類，常選may /might的各種形式1).could + have + PP表示本來能做到，但事實(shí)上沒有做到。She could not have covered the whole distance, but in fact she arrived ahead of )needn’t + have + pp表示本不必做的，但已經(jīng)做到了。You oughtn’t to / shouldn’t have taken her bike without ：must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑問句其實(shí)就用can來代替了） + have + PP 表示對(duì)過去肯定的推測(cè)，譯為“一定是，準(zhǔn)是” The road is must have rained + have + PP 表示對(duì)過去的推測(cè)（限于問句中）Can she have said so? 他可能這樣說嗎？’t + have + PP 表示對(duì)過去的否定推測(cè) He cannot have said such a foolish 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的反意疑問句，簡(jiǎn)單來說，就是以情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后的時(shí)態(tài)為淮，如句子里有明確的時(shí)間狀語，則以其為準(zhǔn)。 Aims（能力目標(biāo)） the students to cooperate with others and enable them to formulategrammatical learning, motivate the students 39。Teaching Methods(教學(xué)方法)Selflearning，cooperation and discussion自學(xué)（獨(dú)學(xué)、對(duì)學(xué)、群學(xué)）、合作、討論Teaching Process(教學(xué)過程)Preparation and Selflearning 【自主學(xué)習(xí)、為新課奠基】Complete the following tasks.（A級(jí) 識(shí)記類）（C層學(xué)生展示，B、A層學(xué)生補(bǔ)充）一、何謂“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態(tài)度等，是中學(xué)英語語法的重點(diǎn)，也是高考的熱點(diǎn)，是單項(xiàng)填空必考的一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn) 。t , must not: mustn39。t Cooperation and Discussion 【合作探究、討論解疑】Reading知識(shí)問題化、問題層次化，提高閱讀能力?。˙級(jí) 理解類）（B、C層學(xué)生展示，A層學(xué)生補(bǔ)充）四、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法及相互間的區(qū)別（注意：這是?？嫉目键c(diǎn)） , be able to be able to 表示經(jīng)過努力后, 能夠做到。can 1).表示體力或腦力方面的能力。could 是can的過去式, 表示過去有能力及過去存在的可能性。1)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone ____ get to able to 2)Will you stay for lunch?Sorry, brother is ing to see mustn39。t needn39。t 表示詢問或說明一件事可不可做。might是may的過去式。1)May I take this book out of the readingroom?No, you mustn39。have(has)to : have(has)got to 必須, 不得不。clock?Yes, you must.(No, you needn39。m afraid you will have to wait a )She must be in the classroom )Mary ____ be in Paris, I saw her in town only a few minutes 39。t 39。2)用于二、三人稱,表示說話人給對(duì)方的 命令、警告、允諾等概念。t.)2)You shall have the English book as soon as I finish )Everything that he owns shall be taken away from )Your brother seldom es to see you, ____? he 39。t he 5)It39。s go fishing, ____? 39。t we we 應(yīng)該。s )You should study the article , would 1)在疑問句中用于第二人稱,表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求或詢問。2)will 表示現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。3)will 用于各種人稱, 表示 意志、意愿、決心、允諾。(1)Don39。t.)(2)Would you tell us something about yourself?Yes, I will.(3) don39。t can39。t to 應(yīng)該。t to smoke too )She ____ for what she has to praise be praised to have praised to be praised to e e 1)He dare not tell the )He doesn39。t know whether he ____ allowed 1).作為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞:必須 2).作為實(shí)義動(dòng)詞: 需要 need(to do something。to be done)1)Do they need to take any books with them?No, they don39。)This farm tool needs farm tool needs to be )Shall I tell John about it ?No, you 39。t 39。t 39。s a fine ____ take a raincoat with 39。t 39。(2)認(rèn)真思考所給選項(xiàng)中情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本特征和用法，并結(jié)合語境推敲答案。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無論是表達(dá)“推測(cè)和可能性”，還是表達(dá)“虛擬”這一概念，只要是對(duì)過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行描述，一律用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done”這一結(jié)構(gòu)；對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖虑檫M(jìn)行描述，用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞或系動(dòng)詞原形”。故答案為B項(xiàng)。must have done意為：一定做過某事或某事肯定發(fā)生了?！敬鸢浮緾(2)should(not)/ ought(not)to在中表示根據(jù)常規(guī)或常識(shí)推測(cè)，表示“某事應(yīng)該或不應(yīng)該發(fā)生”，語氣比must或can’t / couldn’t稍弱。【答案】C ②There _________ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving ’t’t’t’t 【解析】句意：既然你在駕校進(jìn)行了大量訓(xùn)練，那么通過道路測(cè)試按理不應(yīng)該有困難。例如： ①You ______ be hungry already — you had lunch only two hours ago!’t’t’t’t ②She ______ have left school, for her bike is still ’t’t’t’t ③It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it _____ be rather cold ④Peter ____ be really difficult at times even though he’s a nice person in 【解析】①② 兩個(gè)考題中can用于中表示否定的推測(cè)，意為：不可能，一定不會(huì)； ③④兩個(gè)考題中can表示理論上的可能性，翻譯為：有時(shí)候會(huì)??。例如：① Liza ___ well not want to go on the tripshe hates 【解析】may well為固定搭配，意為：很可能，極有可能。【答案】B ③—I can’t find my purse anywhere.—You __ have lost it while 【解析】結(jié)合語境可知，回答者是在提醒對(duì)方：或許購物時(shí)把錢包丟了。例如：—I’m _________at you the other day.—Forget was a bit out of control ’t shout’t have shouted ’t shout’t have shouted 【解析】對(duì)不起，我那天本不應(yīng)該對(duì)你大喊大叫的。例如：Thank you for all your hard work last don’t think we ______ it without manage have managed manage have managed 【解析】根據(jù)題干中所給出的時(shí)間last week可知我們已經(jīng)做完了工作，已經(jīng)完成，故排除A、C兩項(xiàng)，再結(jié)合could have done表示虛擬語氣以及與前面的I don’t think?，故說話者想表達(dá)的意思是：離開了你，我們本不可能完成這項(xiàng)工作。要注意needn’t do則表達(dá)“沒有必要去做某事”，時(shí)間上應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在或?qū)??！敬鸢浮緽 ② The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so wego to work ’t’t’t’t 【解析】老板給所有的員工放了假，所以我們明天不必再去上班。常用于虛擬條件句或含蓄虛擬條件引導(dǎo)的虛擬語氣，表示對(duì)過去所發(fā)生事情結(jié)果的假設(shè)。【答案】D(5)might have done表示“本來可能??”，但實(shí)際上沒有發(fā)生的事?！敬鸢浮緿（三）表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語氣” 等方面的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 “情感、態(tài)度、語氣”主要有以下用法：(1)表示主觀的義務(wù)和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑問句，意思為“必須??，得??，要??”；由must引起的疑問句，肯定回答要用must或have to，否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to,意思是“不必”。must表示一種主觀的需要，而have to表示一種客觀的需要，意思是“不得不”，其否定形式是don’ have to。s not 39。t39。t【解析】Something big?此處意為：Must it be big? 回答者的意思是：房子不必太大—那并不重要。例