【正文】 d to how to make full use of broadband resources and how to manage the Internet application, 7 switching technology can handle network application layer data forwarding well, the network service level can be improved and it also can make the network administrators and make the users have a lower cost to optimize the network it is business to consumer emerce, market sales of unmanned automation, online customer support, personnel construction and planning, customer service, firewall load balancing broadband and intelligent filter content and so on, can be dabble in by layer 7 switching development trend of switching technologyResearch in recent years the development of the exchange network architecture and related algorithms, is mainly to study of switching network is roughly by singlestage exchange structure and multiple exchange structure of two kinds of exchange in the performance and scale structure is hard to expand and develop, so the new exchange structure instead of a singlestage exchange structure is with singlestage exchange structure, multilevel exchange structure has a very big advantage is the extensions is good, if you want to achieve more mass exchange network, multistage switching structure will be the first choice, and it is also considered very system structure of openended standardization and data packet based will gradually bee the next generation network of the new definition, this is also to develop more and more effective applications and business functions, at the same time can quickly adapt to the higher performance and greater scale, is the main goal of the studying exchange order to achieve this goal,it is bound to reinforce the research of the project, the developing trends in the future may have the following:(1)Multistage switching structure instead of the single stage exchange structure。The Internet。通過上述地質(zhì)環(huán)境恢復工作，減少水土流失，恢復礦山的生態(tài)功能，達到生態(tài)恢復與維護人類與環(huán)境和諧的目的。開采棄渣切勿胡亂堆放，必須統(tǒng)一堆放到開采境界線以外的礦山棄渣場內(nèi)，在開采過程中，有計劃地將棄渣回填到采空區(qū)。應嚴禁越界開采，減少人為擾動，做好植被保護和水土保持。加強工地管理，合理堆放棄渣，嚴禁隨意棄渣；在險要地段建設攔擋滾石和飛石的設施：開采結束后，將棄渣場扒平覆土，植樹還林，恢復植被。次重點防治區(qū)防治措施 在進場公路、礦山生活區(qū)建設中，會形成大量的邊坡和一定數(shù)量的棄渣，可能形成邊坡失穩(wěn)，造成滑坡和塌方；沿途不合理的棄渣可能造成水土流失，可能形成坡面泥石流，可能有滾石和飛石危害。設置監(jiān)測點，作好監(jiān)測記錄與分析工作，確保在易于發(fā)生災害地段防患于未然。對于坑道開采，在坑道內(nèi)一定要作好支護，做到邊開采邊支護，防止因礦頂坍塌、冒頂?shù)榷a(chǎn)生的危害，尤其上方有住戶處要預防引起上部地面開裂。渣場棄渣嚴格作好方量及邊坡坡度的設計，作好擋墻設計，設置攔渣壩，防止泥石流的產(chǎn)生。重點防治區(qū)防治措施合理設計邊坡參數(shù)，加強邊坡監(jiān)測，建議作擋墻穩(wěn)固邊坡，開挖后如果出現(xiàn)開裂變形，建議做專門的工程地質(zhì)勘察。防治措施根據(jù)不同礦山的地質(zhì)條件和地形特點及礦山的開發(fā)利用方案，以及災點的分布特點劃分不同層次的防治區(qū)，以便采取相應的防治措施。我國已有許多礦山開采深度達到800m以下，礦山因含硫量高，開采深度又大，地溫非常高。礦山火災的危害極大，而且還嚴重損耗地下礦產(chǎn)資源，如有的煤礦在地下已燃燒上百年，其資源損耗量十分巨大，使當?shù)貧夂虬l(fā)生改變，農(nóng)作物和樹木大量死亡，田地荒蕪，環(huán)境嚴重惡化。礦坑火災除見于煤礦外，也見于一些硫化礦床。礦體內(nèi)因引起的災害瓦斯爆炸和礦坑火災 這種災害最常見于煤礦。因采礦、選礦產(chǎn)生的“三廢”物質(zhì)，由于未經(jīng)有效處理就被排放到江河湖海中，造成環(huán)境污染公害事件。其結果是使坑道被泥沙阻塞，機器、人員被泥沙所埋，嚴重時甚至會使礦山遭受毀滅性的打擊?？觾?nèi)潰沙涌泥 這是常與礦坑突水相伴而生的災害。地下水位改變引起的災害礦坑突水涌水 這是最常見的礦山災害，突發(fā)性強、規(guī)模大，后果嚴重。場庫失穩(wěn) 場庫失穩(wěn)主要是由于尾礦壩潰決崩塌繼而形成泥石流造成的危害。坑內(nèi)巖爆 坑內(nèi)巖爆又稱礦山?jīng)_擊，這是因礦坑周邊和頂?shù)装鍑鷰r，在受到強大的地殼應力作用而被強烈壓縮，一旦因采掘挖空出現(xiàn)自由面，即有可能產(chǎn)生巖石地應力的驟然釋放，導致巖石大量破裂成碎塊，并向坑內(nèi)大量噴射、爆散，給礦山帶來危害和災難。地面塌陷不僅破壞可耕地資源、建筑物，毀壞道路、水庫，還可直接導致礦山某些地下巷道的塌毀，或使大氣降水和地表水沿塌陷裂縫灌入坑內(nèi)，造成淹井事故，直至停工停產(chǎn)。礦體埋藏相對較深的地下開采礦山，如果不能及時回填和崩落采空區(qū)，當其達到一定規(guī)模就會產(chǎn)生大面積塌陷。在礦山采空區(qū)，若保留礦柱不足，或因礦柱受損而失去支撐能力，就會造成地面塌陷。但最常見的是以災害的空間分布和成因關系分類。開采環(huán)境明顯惡化，礦山地質(zhì)災害問題日趨嚴重，潛在的致災隱患不斷增多，且隨時可能發(fā)展成災，造成人員傷亡、設備報廢、設施損毀甚至礦井關閉、資源浪費等嚴重后果。in the construction of block stones and stone advantageous location facilities: After the end of the mining, the waste slag field will be covered with soil, planting trees and forests, restoring , the general prevention and control measures in the area of no major building and construction projects, mainly due to the broken surface rock and soil prohibit crossborder exploitation, reducing human disturbance, good vegetation protection and soil and water , the geological environment restoration program and measures to prevent soil erosion and restoration of vegetation and landscape, the mine must be planning to carry out mine reclamation work, in order to restore the ecological function of waste residue should not be indiscriminately stacked, must be stacked to the mining boundary beyond the boundaries of the mining waste residue inside, in the process of mining, there are plans to fill the waste to the mined out after treatment and then deposited soil and the above geological environment restoration work, reduce soil erosion, restore the ecological function of mine, achieve the goal of ecological restoration and maintenance of human and environmental ：礦產(chǎn)開采與地質(zhì)災害經(jīng)濟的快速發(fā)展和生產(chǎn)需要加快對礦物的需求和消耗，這也為礦產(chǎn)開采企業(yè)帶來更大的發(fā)展機會。mine fire in addition to found in coal mine, is also found in a number of sulfide of sulfide oxidation in heat, heat accumulation to a certain extent, the occurrence of spontaneous bustion, causing fires in fire damage is great, but also a serious loss of underground mineral resources, such as some coal mines in the ground has been burning for a hundred years, the amount of resources loss is very huge, so that local climate change, crop and trees, a large number of dead, barren fields, serious environmental the increase of the depth of the exploitation of geothermal, geothermal hazards continue to has a lot of mining depth below 800m, the mining of high sulfur content, mining depth and high, the ground temperature is very geothermal disaster led to poor working conditions of miners, which seriously affected the normal production of the measures According to the geological conditions and terrain features of different mines and the development and utilization of the mine, the distribution characteristics of disaster points are divided into different levels of prevention and treatment in order to take the corresponding control divided into the focus of prevention and control areas, sub key areas and the general prevention and control , focus on prevention and control measures Rational design of slope parameters, to strengthen the monitoring of slope, it is remended to make retaining wall stability, after excavation, if the crack deformation, it is remended to do a special engineering geological the existing disaster poi