【正文】 電冰箱 智能 模塊結(jié)構(gòu) II 51 Microcontrollers Control System of Electric Refrigerator Author： Zhai An Supervisor： Lou wei Tutor Abstract: The control principle of traditional mechanical type straight cold electric refrigerator is to control the start and stop of the refrigeration pressor according to the temperature of the evaporator to make the temperature of the electric refrigerator maintain in societygoes against in the temperature range. Usually, it will start the refrigeration pressor when the temperature is 3~5℃ 。系統(tǒng)的硬件采用了模塊結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，主要包括：A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換電路、溫度采集電路、除霜電路、鍵盤電路、 LED 顯示電路、制冷壓縮機(jī)和除霜電熱絲啟 ﹑ ?？刂齐娐贰㈦娫措妷簷z測(cè)電路、報(bào)警電路、直流電源供電電路、晶體振蕩電路等模塊。 該設(shè)計(jì)方案是經(jīng)過(guò)大量的科學(xué)調(diào)研及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)考察制定的。該系統(tǒng)以 AT89C51單片機(jī)為核心控制壓縮機(jī)的啟動(dòng)和停止，解決了傳統(tǒng)電冰箱控制系統(tǒng)存在的不足，可以使控制更準(zhǔn)確，更靈活。 當(dāng)溫度低于 10~20℃時(shí)停止制冷 ,關(guān)斷壓縮機(jī)。 ……………………. ………………. ………………… 畢 業(yè) 論 文 基于 51 單片機(jī)的電冰箱控制系統(tǒng) 院 部 專業(yè)班級(jí) 屆 次 學(xué)生姓名 學(xué) 號(hào) 指導(dǎo)教師 二 OO 七 年 六 月 九 日 裝 訂 線 ……………….……. …………. …………. ……… i 目錄 摘要 ..........................................................I Abstract .....................................................II 引言 ..........................................................1 ........................................3 基本設(shè)計(jì)原則 ............................................3 控制系統(tǒng)方案選擇 ........................................3 基于 51 單片機(jī)電冰箱系統(tǒng)的整體布局 .......................4 功能原理分析 ............................................5 ..............................................5 單片機(jī)的選擇 ............................................7 AT89C51 的特點(diǎn) ......................................7 管腳說(shuō)明 ............................................7 振蕩器特性和時(shí)鐘電路 ...............................10 芯片擦除 ...........................................11 A/D 轉(zhuǎn)換電路 ...........................................11 ADC0809 介紹 .......................................12 ADC0809 與 AT89C51 單片機(jī)接口電路 ...................17 鍵盤電路及顯示電路 .....................................18 功能件及顯示電路 ...................................18 74LS164 介紹 .......................................20 溫度采集電路和除霜電路 .................................21 溫度采集電路 .......................................21 除霜電路 ...........................................22 傳感器的選擇 .......................................22 制冷壓縮機(jī)和除霜電熱絲啟、停控制電路 ...................24 電路圖 .............................................24 工作原理 ...........................................24 74LS273 介紹 .......................................25 ii 電源電壓檢測(cè)電路 .......................................26 報(bào)警電路 ...............................................26 .............................................27 ............................................27 匯編語(yǔ)言格式 .......................................27 匯編語(yǔ)言構(gòu)成 .......................................28 程序主要模塊 ...........................................28 主程序模塊 .........................................28 T0 中斷服務(wù)程序模塊 ................................30 T1 中斷服務(wù)程序模塊 ................................31 4．控制系統(tǒng)總電路 ............................................32 參考文獻(xiàn) .....................................................34 致謝 .........................................................35 附錄 .........................................................36 iii Contents Abstract ....................................................... I Introduction ....................................................1 programme design .........................................3 The option of control system ..................................3 The option of control system ..................................3 The whole layout of 51 Microcontrollers control system of Electric refrigerator ..........................................4 The analysis of function and principle ..........................5 hardware design ......................................5 The option of singlechip microcontrollers ......................7 The property of AT89C51 ................................7 Pin explanation .........................................7 The property of oscillator and Clock circuit..................10 Chip erase ............................................11 The conversion circuit of A/D ................................ 11 The introduction of ADC0809 ............................12 The interface circuit of ADC0809 and AT89C51 ..............17 Keyset circuit and display circuit .............................18 Function keys and display circuit ..........................18 The introduction of 74LS16419 ...........................20 Temperature collection circuit and eliminate hoarfrost circuit .......21 Temperature collection circuit ............................21 Eliminate hoarfrost circuit ...............................22 The option of quick sensor ...............................22 Refrigeration pressor and galvanothermy thread control circuit ..24 The electric picture .....................................24 iv Working principle ......................................24 The introduction of 74LS273 .............................25 The power supply electiric voltage examination electric circuit ......26 Alarm circuit .............................................26 software design .....................................27 Programme design language .................................27 The format of assembly language..........................27 The position of assembly language .....................28 Major program modular ....................................28 Main program modular .....