【正文】 ............................................................................. 20 布管限定圓 LD ............................................................................................................... 20 排管 ..................................................................................................................................... 21 換熱管束的分程 ............................................................................................................ 21 管板設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................................................... 22 管板與殼體的連接 ....................................................................................................... 22 管板計(jì)算 ........................................................................................................................... 22 管板重量計(jì)算 ................................................................................................................. 26 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） IV 折流板 .......................................................................................................................................... 26 折流板的型式和尺寸 .................................................................................................. 27 折流板排列 ...................................................................................................................... 27 折流板的布置 ................................................................................................................. 27 拉桿與定距管 ......................................................................................................................... 27 拉桿的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 .......................................................................................................... 27 拉桿的直徑、數(shù)量及布置 ...................................................................................... 28 定距管 .............................................................................................................................. 28 法蘭和墊片 .............................................................................................................................. 28 固定端的殼體法蘭、管箱法蘭與管箱墊片 .................................................... 28 外頭蓋側(cè)法蘭、外頭蓋法蘭與外頭蓋墊片、浮頭墊片 ........................... 30 接管法蘭型式與尺寸 ................................................................................................ 31 鉤圈式浮頭 .............................................................................................................................. 32 浮頭蓋的設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ..................................................................................................... 33 分程隔板 ................................................................................................................................... 38 鞍座 ............................................................................................................................................. 38 支反力計(jì)算如下 .......................................................................................................... 38 鞍座的型號(hào)及尺寸 ..................................................................................................... 40 接管的最小位置 .................................................................................................................... 40 殼程接管位置的最小尺寸 ....................................................................................... 40 管箱接管位置的最小尺寸 ...................................................................................... 41 附錄 外文翻譯 ....................................................................................................................................... 45 參考文獻(xiàn) ................................................................................................................................................... 55 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） 1 第一章 換熱器概述 過程設(shè)備在生產(chǎn)技術(shù)領(lǐng)域中的應(yīng)用十分廣泛，是在化工、煉油、輕工、交通、食品、制藥、冶金、紡織、城建、海洋工程等傳統(tǒng)部門所必需的關(guān)鍵設(shè)備，而換熱設(shè)備則是廣泛使用的一種通用的過程設(shè)備。但是，限于經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足和水平有限，一定存在缺點(diǎn)甚至錯(cuò)誤之處，敬請(qǐng)老師批評(píng)指正。 本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)是流量為 3500kg/h，浮頭式換熱器的機(jī)械設(shè)計(jì)，工作壓力管程為 、殼程為 ，工作溫度管程為 61℃ 、殼程為 80℃ 。首先，通過換熱計(jì)算確定換熱面積與管子的根數(shù)初步 選定結(jié)構(gòu)。在化工工業(yè)中應(yīng)用非常廣泛。 浮頭式換熱器是管殼式換熱器系列中的一種，它的特點(diǎn)是兩端管板只有一端與外殼固定死，另一端可相對(duì)殼體滑移，稱為浮頭。 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） I 摘要 本次設(shè)計(jì)的題目為 汽提塔冷凝器 。 汽提塔冷凝器是換熱器的一種應(yīng)用，這里我設(shè)計(jì)成浮頭式換熱器。浮頭式換熱器由于管束的膨脹不受殼體的約束，因此不會(huì)因管束之間的差脹而產(chǎn)生溫差熱應(yīng)力，另外浮頭式換熱器的優(yōu)點(diǎn)還在于拆卸方便，易清洗。本文對(duì)浮頭式換熱器進(jìn)行了整體的設(shè)計(jì)，按照設(shè)計(jì)要求，在結(jié)構(gòu)的選取上，采用了 12 型，即殼側(cè)一程，管側(cè)兩程。然后按照設(shè)計(jì)的要求以及一系列國(guó)際標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)，之后對(duì)各部分進(jìn)行校核。 通過本次畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)，我熟悉了浮頭式換熱器的工藝流程，掌握了浮頭式換熱器的結(jié)構(gòu)及計(jì)算方法，了解了浮頭式化熱器的制造要求及安裝過程。 關(guān)鍵詞： 換熱器；浮頭式；管程；殼程 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） II Abstract The topic of my study is the design of stripper condenser. stripper condenser is one of applications heat here, my design is the floating head heat exchanger. The floating head heat exchanger is a special type of tube and shell heat exchanger. It is special for its floating head. One of its tube sheet is fixed， while another can float in the shell， so called floating head. As the tubes can expand without the restriction of the shell， it can avoid thermal stress. Another advantage is that it can be dismantled and clean easily . It is widely used in chemical industry. In this study an overall design of the floating head heat exchanger is carried out .According to the demand the type 12 is chosen to be the basic type， which has one segment in shell and two segment in tubes. First， heat transfer is calculated to determine the heat exchange surface area and the number of tubes that needed. Then， according to the request and standards， structural of system is well designed. After that， the finite element analysis of the shell is pleted. The graduation design task is 3500kg/h flow of the floating head heat exchanger, the mechanical design,