【正文】 it) and DS18B20 as the detection input device which directly reads the temperature value and convert the data. The realtime temperature value is displayed by 1602 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen which is the output device to the system. The system will automatically give alarm and control the temperature through the solenoid valve and electric heater in PID (Proportion integral Differential) algorithm. The system also can be extended to display the realtime clock by the chip DS1302. The system has some application value in actual production. Keywords: Microcontroller, Temperature Measure, DS18B20, PID Control Algorithm 南通大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） III 目 錄 摘 要 .......................................................................................................................................... I ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................................II 目 錄 ....................................................................................................................................... III 第一章 緒 論 ............................................................................................................................. 1 引言 ……………………………………… ...................................................................... 1 單片機(jī)及溫度控制的研究方向和現(xiàn)狀 .......................................................................... 2 論文主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)安排 ………………… .................................................................. 2 第二章 系統(tǒng)概述及 PID 算法簡介 ............................................................................................... 4 溫度采集控制系統(tǒng)概述 …………………… ................................................................... 4 方案選擇 ………………………………… ...................................................................... 4 方案一 ................................................................................................................... 4 方案二 ................................................................................................................... 5 論證分析及本文設(shè)計(jì)思路簡述 ……… . ......................................................................... 6 PID 算法簡介 ………………………… .. .......................................................................... 6 PID 控制作用 ......................................................................................................... 7 PID 控制器的參數(shù)整定 ......................................................................................... 8 PID 的微機(jī)實(shí)現(xiàn) ..................................................................................................... 8 第三章 器件選擇 ......................................................................................................................... 10 CPU：單片機(jī) ………………………… . ........................................................................ 10 STC89C52RC 的特點(diǎn)及選擇原因 ...................................................................... 10 STC89C52RC 的引腳功能及連接 ...................................................................... 11 檢測裝置：溫度傳感器 ………………… .. .................................................................. 12 溫度傳感器的分類 .............................................................................................. 13 溫度傳感器 DS18B20 的介紹 ........................................................................... 14 溫度傳感器 DS18B20 的測溫原理 ................................................................... 16 溫度傳感器 DS18B20 的操作時(shí)序 ................................................................... 17 溫度傳感器 DS18B20 的使用注意事項(xiàng) ........................................................... 19 顯示器件： LCD 液晶屏 ………………… . .................................................................. 19 南通大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文） IV 1602LCD 的引腳功能 ......................................................................................... 20 1602LCD 的指令說明 ......................................................................................... 20 1602LCD 的一般初始化過程 ............................................................................. 22 第四章 系統(tǒng)硬件及軟件設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................................... 23 系統(tǒng)各部分硬件電路圖 ………………… . ................................................................... 23 系統(tǒng)各部分軟件設(shè)計(jì) ………………… . ....................................................................... 26 主程序流程 ......................................................................................................... 27 讀出溫度子程序流程 ......................................................................................... 28 顯示子程序流程 ................................................................................................. 29 按鍵處理子程序流程 ......................................................................................... 30 第五章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試與仿真 ............................................................................................................. 32 硬件調(diào)試 ………………………………… . ................................................................... 32 軟件調(diào)試 ………………………………… .................................................................... 33 Proteus ISIS 仿真 ………………………… .................................................................... 33 Proteus ISIS 編輯環(huán)境 ......................................................................................... 34 系統(tǒng)的原理圖輸入 ............................................................................................. 35 Keil μVision3 與 Proteus 聯(lián)合調(diào)試 ..................................................................... 37 總 結(jié) ........................................................................................................................................... 41 參考文獻(xiàn) ....................................................................................................................................... 42 致 謝 ..................................