【正文】 效地起到視力保護(hù)的作用。 硬件設(shè)計包含：超聲波發(fā)射接收電路，距離報警電路， 距離顯示電路， 光強(qiáng)檢測電路，光強(qiáng)報警電路與定時報警電路。 本設(shè)計采用以 STC852 單片機(jī)為核心的低成本 ， 高精度，微型化眼睛視力保護(hù)器的硬件電路。因此設(shè)計一個視力保護(hù)器用來保護(hù)視力是由為重要的。資料顯示，我國小學(xué)生視力低下率為 %，初中生 %，高中生 %，大學(xué)生 %。. . 編號： 畢業(yè)設(shè)計說明書 題 目 眼睛視力保護(hù)器的設(shè)計 院 （系）： 電子工程 與自動化 學(xué)院 專 業(yè)： 光信息科學(xué)與技術(shù) 學(xué)生姓名： 學(xué) 號： 指導(dǎo)教師： 職 稱： 題目類型： 理論研究 實驗研究 √工程設(shè)計 工程技術(shù)研究 軟件開發(fā) 2021 年 5 月 13 日. . 摘 要 視力保護(hù)已成為當(dāng)前社會的關(guān)注熱點問題之一，尤其是青少年的視力保護(hù)。 目前，青少年視力低下，已成為國內(nèi)外共同關(guān)心的公共衛(wèi)生問題。特別是調(diào)查顯示 50%以上的學(xué)生及家長缺乏視力保健最基本的科普知識，不懂得 “近視與盲只差一步 ”的危害性，因而有 %視力低下的學(xué)生并未采取任何矯正措施，并且缺乏專業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu)的治療。 本文是基于超聲波的眼睛視力保護(hù)器的設(shè)計，討論了眼睛視力保護(hù)器的硬件設(shè)計與軟件控制。并通過軟件 控制實現(xiàn)所需功能。 本文祥細(xì) 介紹 各部件 、 電路的工作原理 以及關(guān)于 測距顯示，距離報警，光強(qiáng)轉(zhuǎn)換，光強(qiáng)報警，定時報警的 等模 塊 的 程序設(shè)計 。 關(guān)鍵 詞 ： 視力保護(hù)器，距離報警 ，光強(qiáng)檢測， 定時， 程序設(shè)計 . . Abstract Eye protection has bee one of the hot issues of social concern, especially young people39。s low vision students was %, junior high school students %, % of high school students, college students %. Survey shows that more than 50% of the students and their parents lack the most basic scientific knowledge of eye care, do not know the dangers of shortsighted and blind only one step, thus % of students with low vision has not taken any corrective measures, and lack of professional anizations therapy. Design a vision protector to protect eyesight by important. This article is based on the design of ultrasonic eye sight protection, eye sight protection hardware design and software control. The design uses a the STC852 microcontroller as the core, lowcost, highprecision, miniaturization eye sight protection hardware circuit. And is controlled by software to achieve the desired function. The hardware design includes: ultrasonic transmitting and receiving circuit from the alarm circuit from the circuit, the light intensity detection circuit, the light intensity alarm circuit and timing alarm circuit. This article xiangxi describes the programming of the various ponents, the circuit works ranging from the alarm, the light intensity conversion intensity alarm, timer alarm module. The experiment proved that the system hardware design is reasonable, simple operation, strong antijamming capability, realtime, can effectively play the role of vision protection. Key words: Eye protection from the alarm light detection, timing, program design. . 目 錄 1 緒論 ............................................................................................................. 1 課題設(shè)計的目的及意義 ................................................................................................. 1 眼睛視力保護(hù)器設(shè)計思路 ............................................................................................. 1 課題的設(shè)計任務(wù)與章節(jié)安排 ......................................................................................... 1 2 原理與方案設(shè)計 .......................................................................................... 2 超聲波測距原理 ............................................................................................................. 2 光強(qiáng)檢測原理 ................................................................................................................. 3 系統(tǒng)方案 ......................................................................................................................... 3 3 硬件電路設(shè)計 .............................................................................................. 3 單片機(jī)系統(tǒng)設(shè)計 ............................................................................................................. 3 ................................................................................................................... 3 單片機(jī)的引腳功能 ...................................................................................................... 4 ........................................................................................................... 6 超聲波發(fā)射接收電路設(shè)計 ............................................................................................. 8 ........................................................................................................... 8 ..........................................................................................12 四位數(shù)碼管顯示電路 ....................................................................................................14 報警電路設(shè)計 ................................................................................................................15 光強(qiáng)檢測電路設(shè)計 ........................................................................................................16 ......................................................................................16 AD0809芯片的結(jié)構(gòu)與功能 ........................................................................................17 74LS74芯片功能及其分頻電路 .................................................................................18 AD轉(zhuǎn)換電路 ...........................................................................................19 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計 ............................................................................................ 20 .....................................................................................................................20 中斷處理程序 ................................................................................................................20 計算及數(shù)碼管顯示子程序 ............................................................................................21 AD轉(zhuǎn)換與光強(qiáng) 報警子程序 ...........................................................................................22 距離報警與定時報警程序 ............................................................................................23 5 硬件組裝及調(diào)試 ......................................................