【正文】 d not hurry 39。典型例題There was plenty of 39。.needn39。比較need “不必做”和“本不該做” didn39。I wake up only if the alarm clock ，我才會醒。比較if only與only ifonly if表示“只有”；if only則表示“如果……就好了”。事實上，句中的“我”沒有聽從勸告，所以處境很糟糕。例：1993年6月四級第70題Look at the terrible situation I am in!if only I ____ your followed follow followed if only 引出感嘆句，意思是“要是……多好”，表示說話人的一種愿望，希望發(fā)生（事實上不可能發(fā)生）與過去事實相反的情況。（答案是a）在if only 引起的感嘆句中需用虛擬語氣。（答案是c）在lest 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，謂語動詞多用虛擬語氣，(should)+ 動詞原形。t bee watered39。t watered39。（二）表示過去想象中的動作或情況，謂語動詞用過去完成式。例如：① He felt as if he alone were responsible for what had 。t you think it39。s already 5 o39。的時候了”，含有 “晚一點” 的意思，表示建議現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該做什么事，從句一般用一般過去時。t have succeeded without your didn’t know his telephone number。如：without, but for, otherwise，or, but that, given, provided, supposing, were it not for等等。I would rather that you painted the room ’d just as soon you had returned the book that …，for fear that…，in case that … 表示“唯恐，以免”引導(dǎo)的表示消極意義的目的主語從句中常用虛擬語氣，從句用 should +動詞原形。It is necessary that we all should do our best to protect environment around ：表示不可思議、滑稽、不可想象、令人吃驚這樣的形容詞如amazing, strange, odd, ridiculous, surprising, unthinkable，incredible等后的that從句中should一般不省略，而且翻譯為“竟然”，表示說話人的驚異、懊悔、失望等情感。What he said suggested(表明)that he did not agree with is/was + 形容詞 / 過去分詞 + that +(should)+ 動詞原形這些形容詞主要表示必要性、重要性、強制性、合適性、義務(wù)性，即某人對某事的反應(yīng)。答案是A。注意一：以上動詞轉(zhuǎn)化為名詞(如：suggestion, proposal, demand, order, mand, advice, desire, requirement, request, agreement, determination, preference , resolution, indication 等)后接同位語從句或表語從句時，從句要求用虛擬語氣，其謂語部分用“(should)+ 動詞原形”(should可省略)。Wish to do表達法 Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager.= I want to see the wish the manager to be informed at once.(= I want the manager to be informed at once.)在強制性語氣的賓語從句中的運用即表示建議、命令、勸告、決心等主觀色彩的動詞 + that +(should)+ 動詞原形，其中should 經(jīng)常被省略。t said 。其賓語從句的動詞形式為：真實狀況 wish后從句動作先于主句動詞動作現(xiàn)在時過去時（be的過去式為 were）從句動作與主句動作同時發(fā)生 過去時過去完成時（had + 過去分詞）將來不大可能實現(xiàn)的愿望將來時 would/could +動詞原形I wish I were as tall as 。If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.（從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反。t I to 主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間，這時主，從句謂語動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同，這叫做混合條件句。但要注意，在虛擬條件狀語從句中，省略連詞的倒裝形式的句首不能用動詞的縮略形式。虛擬條件句的倒裝虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可將if省略，再把were, should或had 移到從句句首，實行倒裝。的過去時態(tài)一律用“were”，不用was If I were you, I would go to look for ，就會去找他。If 句型(共有三種句型)非真實條件句：從句用一般過去時，主句的謂語用would(could, might)＋動詞原形 If I were Bill Gates, I would not work so hard every ：從句用過去完成時，主句的謂語用would(could, might)＋ 現(xiàn)在完成時If I had gone to America when I graduated from middle school, I would have got my PhD ：從句用should(were to，did)+ 動詞原形，主句的謂語用would(could, might)＋動詞原形If it should/were to snow tomorrow, I would go ：在虛擬語氣的從句中，動詞39。，其特點是主從句時態(tài)的不一致，而且一般有明顯得標(biāo)志。第一篇：英語語法+大學(xué)英語語法總結(jié)關(guān)于英語那些你不知道的事都在這里 虛擬語氣在英語里主要用來表達：，不可能發(fā)生的事，即某種與事實相反或難以實現(xiàn)的情況，或說話人主觀愿望。，即強制性虛擬語氣，表示建議、命令、勸告這一類的意思上，表示強烈的要求做到、必須做到這樣的含義。虛擬語氣的考點為：would rather＋that從句＋一般過去時：It is vital／ necessary／ important／ urgent／ imperative／ desirable／ advisable／ natural／ essential＋that＋動詞原形；It is time／abouttime／hightime＋that＋一般過去時：proposal／suggestion＋that＋動詞原形；lest＋that＋should＋動詞原形；if only＋that＋would＋動詞原形。be39。If he were here, everything would be all ，一切都會好的。Were they here now, they could help us.=If they were here now, they could help you e earlier, you would have met him =If you had e earlier, you would have met it rain, the crops would be saved.=Were it to rain, the crops would be _____ to do the work, I should do it some other were I were I I, should, had這三個詞，通常將if省略，主語提前, 變成 were, should, had +主語的形式。如我們可說 Were I not to do., 而不能說 Weren39。例如：條件句動作發(fā)生在過去，主句的動作發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在)謂語動詞要根據(jù)表示的時間進行調(diào)整。）If it had rained last night(過去), it would be very cold today(現(xiàn)在).Wish 句型 表達“但愿…，要是…多好”的語氣表示與事實相反的情況，或表示將來不太可能實現(xiàn)的愿望。He wished he hadn39。I wish it would rain 。這類動詞包括：suggest, propose, remend, demand, order, mand, desire, require, insist, advise, decree(發(fā)布命令；下令), determine, prefer, stipulate, move(動議，規(guī)定)，direct(命令)，maintain(堅持)，decide，ask I suggest that you(should)not be late again next prefer that you(should)not do 。例：1998年6月四級第68題We are all for your proposal that discussion put off put off put off to put off 全句意思是：我們都贊成你的建議，把討論推遲。We are all for your proposal that the discussion be put demand is that all of us(should)be present at the ：以上這類動詞中有時候有的動詞的賓語從句不用虛擬語氣，必須根據(jù)句子的意思來判斷。important, natural, desirable, possible, astonishing, advisable(可取的，明智的), anxious, appropriate, pulsory(義務(wù)的；強制的；強迫的), crucial(至關(guān)緊要的), eager, essential, fitting, imperative(命令的，強制的，必要的), improper, natural, necessary, obligatory(義不容辭的，必須的), preferable, proper, urgent, vital, willing shocked, requestedIt was essential that the application forms be sent back before the is requested that a vote be 。It is surprising that they should pass the time like is incredible that Jane should have finished her paper so is strange that there should be any hope of finding the lost rather…，would sooner…，had rather…，would just as soon…，would prefer… 意為“寧可，但愿”從句用虛擬語氣，若表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼氖虑椋^語用過去時；若表示過去的動作，用過去完成時。He put his coat over the child for fear(lest)that he should catch emphasized it again and again lest she(should) a hat with you in case the sun is very hot(注意：該句陳述某一事實)含蓄虛擬條件句含蓄虛擬條件句是指沒有出現(xiàn)由if引導(dǎo)的條件句，而條件句的意思是用其他方式表達的。Without your help, we couldn’t have finished the work on for the English examination I would have gone to the concert last wouldn39。otherwise we would have telephoned It’s(about/high/ good)time that…，表示“該是。例：1995年6月四級第43題It39。clock 39。s about time _____ ? are going home she leaves went home she had left現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)十六點鐘了，難道你不認為該回家了嗎？（答案是C）It’s time you went to ’s high time that we took 虛擬語氣在as if / as though 引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句中的應(yīng)用（謂語動詞形式與wish后的賓語從句基本相同）（一）表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在情況有懷疑，謂語動詞用過去式。② He acts as if he were / was a TV 。例：1992年四級試題The tree looked as if it ______ for a long 39。t water39。t watered 那棵樹看上去好象很久沒人給澆水了。例如：例：1998年1月四級第38題The mad man was put in the softpadded cell lest he _____ injure injure 這個瘋子被關(guān)進墻上裝有