【正文】 sion on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create troublesome situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket, for example, and don?t pay attention to what you did because you?re involved in a conversation, you?ll probably fet that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your cupboard. “ Your memory itself isn?t failing you, ” says Schacter, “ Rather, you didn?t give your memory system the information it needed.” Lack of interest can also lead to absent mindedness. “ A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago, ” says Zelinski, “ may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.” Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, and memory depends on just that. “ Visual cues（ 視覺(jué)提示 ） can help prevent absentmindedness, ” says Schacter, “ But be sure the cue is clear and available. ” If you want to remember to take a medicine with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table— don?t leave it in the medicine box and write yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Another mon experience of absent mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why you?re there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “ Everyone does this from time to time, ” says Zelinski. “ The best thing to do is to return to where you were before entering the room, and you?ll likely remember.” 26． The writer of the passage thinks that encoding properly is very important because ________. A. it enables us to recall something from our memory B. it slows down the process of losing our memory C. it helps us understand our memory system better D. it helps us to get back to where we were 27． One possible reason why women have a little better memories than men is that________. A. they rely more on the environment B. they have a wider range of interests C. they have an unusual power of focusing their attention D. they are more interested in what?s happening around them 28． Why can a note in the pocket hardly serve as a reminder? ________. A. It will easily get lost B. It is out of your sight C. It?s not clear enough for you to read D. It might get mixed up with other things 29． From the last paragraph we can learn that________. A. repetition might help improve our memory B. memory depends to a certain extent on the environment C. we?d better return to where we were if we fet things D. we should think about something else while doing one thing 30． The passage is mainly about ________. A. the memory system of persons B. a way of encoding and recalling C. the causes of absentmindedness D. the impression of the environment on memory B 2021 was the year the Earth struck back. Earthquakes, heat waves, floods, volcanoes, super typhoons, blizzards(暴風(fēng)雪 ), landslides(滑坡 )and droughts killed at least a quarter million people in 2021the deadliest year in more than a generation. More people were killed worldwide by natural disasters this year than have been killed in terrorism attacks in the past 40 years bined. “It just seemed like it was backtoback (接二連三 ) and it came waves,” said Craig Fugate, who heads the US Federal Emergency Management Agency. It handled a record number of disasters in 2021. “The term 39。 really lost its meaning this year.” And we have ourselves to blame most of the time, scientists and disaster experts say. Even though many disasters seem accidental, the hand of man made this a particularly deadly, costly, extreme and strange year for everything from wild weather to earthquakes. Poor construction and development practices make earthquake more deadly than they need be. More people live in poverty in vulnerable building (危房 ) in crowded cities. That means that when the ground shakes the river breaches(攻破 ), or the tropical cyclone (旋風(fēng) ) hits, more people die. The January earthquake that killed well more than 220210 people in Haita is a perfect example. PortauPrince has nearly three times as many people, many of them living in poverty, and more poorly built shanties (棚戶區(qū) ) than it did 25 years ago. So had the same quake hit in 1985 instead of 2021, total deaths would have probably been in the 80 000 range, said Richard Olson, director of disaster risk reduction at Florida International University. Climate scientists say Earth39。s emissions of heattrapping (吸熱的 )gases and particles are sharply reduce. 31. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us? A． How the Earth struck back in 2021. B. Why the Earth struck back.