【正文】 方案二：采用 TI（ 德州儀器 ） 生產(chǎn)的 C2430 無線通信模塊，此模塊采用 Zigbee 總線模式，傳輸速率可達(dá) 250kbps，且內(nèi)部集成高性能 8051 內(nèi)核。從性能和實(shí)用性上考慮我們選擇方案二。由于其先進(jìn)的 指令集 以及單時鐘周期指令執(zhí)行時間，ATmega16 的 數(shù)據(jù)吞吐率 高達(dá) 1 MIPS/MHz，從而可以減緩系統(tǒng)在功耗和處理速度之間的矛盾，且其跟 51 類單片機(jī)相比，具有超低功耗和 內(nèi)置晶振等特點(diǎn)。 方案二：采用 ATmega16L 作為主控芯片。 系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) 主控芯片方案 方案一：采用宏晶科技有限公司的 STC90C52Rc 單片機(jī)作為主控芯片。當(dāng)溫濕度過高或者過低時， TFT 是否報(bào)警一行顯示是并開始閃爍，蜂鳴器鳴叫，起報(bào)警作用，直到溫濕度值恢復(fù)正常。紅外模塊可用于監(jiān)測各監(jiān)測節(jié)點(diǎn)附近有無老鼠，試驗(yàn)中未做出。 由于每一個無線監(jiān)測節(jié)點(diǎn)需長時間工作， 對功率消耗十分敏感，為 此 ，本系統(tǒng)采用 低功耗無線傳輸芯片和超低功耗嵌入式處理器， 組建實(shí)時的 無線傳感器監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)，以實(shí)現(xiàn)對糧倉溫濕度的網(wǎng)絡(luò)化實(shí)時監(jiān)測和報(bào)警。而無 線 方式的 測溫濕 度系統(tǒng)不存在以上的這些問題，為此，采用無線實(shí)時的 溫濕 度檢測系統(tǒng)， 對數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行采集、 裝載、 發(fā)送、并 由終端 對無線采集來的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行相應(yīng)處理，以控制監(jiān)測設(shè)備的運(yùn)行情況， 可大大的 減少不必要的線路設(shè)備開支 (張玉建， 20xx)。在糧倉管理過程中，濕度和溫度是兩個重 要的控制指標(biāo)，直接影響糧食的儲存質(zhì)量。 隨著嵌入式技術(shù)，短距離無線通信技術(shù)、傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)等的不斷發(fā)展，電子設(shè)備檢測技術(shù)可以大大的降低糧倉的管理成本。 受限制于 以前的經(jīng)濟(jì)和科技水平，糧食的存儲環(huán)境差，管理落后。 關(guān)鍵字： ATmega16 AM2301 無線傳輸 nRF24L01 Wireless Temperature and Humidity Monitoring System in Barn Shi Jianzhu (College of Engineering, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China) Abstract:Temperature and humidity is a very important parameter. In many places, such as the industrial, medical, and military, you need the temperature and humidity measurement device to monitor temperature and humidity. Direct wiring measurement does not meet the requirements, especially in some environments, such as, harsh industrial environments and outdoor environments. Therefore, the wireless transmission of temperature and humidity information is particularly necessary. At present, some devices can be used to monitor wireless temperature and humidity, but the price is the biggest drawback, the price is too high. The system must be stable, realtime and low power consumption in actual control. Therefore, the design of a lowpower consumption wireless temperature and humidity monitoring system makes sense. This paper presents a solution for wireless data transmission, the program is based on the nRF24L01 to design the monitorint system of wireless temperature and humidity. The system uses the traditional microcontroller ATmega16 and digital temperature and humidity sensor AM2301 to form multipoint, realtime wireless temperature and humidity monitoring system. Through a simple wireless munication protocols, bring about reliability and power balance. The system is a remote wireless temperature and humidity monitoring system. The system uses wireless munication technology to build a distributed wireless sensor works. The temperature and humidity data acquisition and transmission based on sensor nodes, with a simple work, easy maintenance, low operation cost. The system can be applied to a large granary temperature and humidity monitoring. Key word: ATmega16 AM2301 Wireless Transmission nRF24l01 目 錄 1 前言 .......................................................................................................................................1 2 系統(tǒng)方案分析與選擇論證 ...................................................................................................1 系統(tǒng)最終方案 ................................................................................................................... 1 系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) ................................................................................................................... 2 主控芯片方案 ................................................................................................................ 2 無線通信模塊方案 ........................................................................................................ 2 溫濕度傳感器方案 ........................................................................................................ 3 顯示模塊方案 ................................................................................................................ 3 3 主要芯片介紹和系統(tǒng)模塊硬件設(shè)計(jì) ...................................................................................4 ATmega16L8AI 單片機(jī) .................................................................................................. 4 nRF24L01 無線模塊 ........................................................................................................ 5 nRF24L01 模塊電路圖 ................................................................................................. 5 nRF24L01 模塊接口電路 ............................................................................................. 5 nRF24L01 模塊供電電源 ............................................................................................. 6 nRF24L01 模塊工作模式 ............................................................................................. 6 nRF24L01 模塊工作原理 ............................................................................................. 7 nRF24L01 配置字 ......................................................................................................... 8 數(shù)字溫濕度傳感器 AM2301 .......................................................................................... 8 AM2301 概述 ................................................................................................................ 8 AM2301 接口及溫濕采集電路 .................................................................................... 9 AM2301 工作原理 ........................................................................................................ 9 顯示模塊 TFTLCD ....................................................................................................... 10 4 系統(tǒng)軟件設(shè)計(jì) .....................................................................................................................11 單片機(jī)軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................. 11 發(fā)送端流程 ..