【正文】 o develop a set of selftuning PID control algorithm of the temperature control system. Paper provides an overview of the development of intelligent temperature control and the status , describes the development of virtual instrumentation and its salient features. Detailing the system design and implementation, including data acquisition, data processing, digital filtering and other functions of the Design and Implementation of modules. Keywords: virtual instrument。 selftuning 目錄 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明 書（畢業(yè)論文） III 摘要 .............................................................................................................................................I Abstract ...................................................................................................................................... II 第一章 引言 .............................................................................................................................. 1 本課題的背景及意義 ...................................................................................................... 1 論文研究的主要內(nèi)容 ....................................................................................................... 3 文研究的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn) ....................................................................................................... 3 第二章 虛擬儀器及應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)介 .................................................................................................. 4 虛擬儀器的概念 ............................................................................................................... 4 虛擬儀器的特點(diǎn) ............................................................................................................... 5 虛擬儀器的組成 ............................................................................................................... 5 虛擬儀器的開發(fā)平臺(tái) — LabVIEW .................................................................................. 6 LabVIEW 的程序構(gòu)成 ..................................................................................................... 7 虛擬儀器與傳統(tǒng)儀器的比較 ........................................................................................... 8 虛擬儀器的應(yīng)用 ............................................................................................................... 9 第三章 溫度傳感器的分類及溫度信號(hào)的檢測(cè) .................................................................. 12 爐溫度特性及其對(duì)象建模 ............................................................................................. 12 溫度傳感器的選用 ........................................................................................................ 14 爐熱電偶測(cè)溫 ................................................................................................................. 17 偶測(cè)溫誤差分析 ............................................................................................................. 18 第四章 PID 控制算法簡(jiǎn)介 ..................................................................................................... 20 PID 控制和智能控制的介紹 ......................................................................................... 20 數(shù)字 PID 控制算式 ........................................................................................................ 23 數(shù)字 PID 控制算式的改進(jìn) ............................................................................................ 26 增量式 PID 控制器的程序流程圖 ............................................................................... 30 第五章 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) ........................................................................ 32 控制系統(tǒng)的功能及結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................. 32 數(shù)據(jù)采集卡 ..................................................................................................................... 33 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)原則 ................................................................................................................. 35 第六章 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................ 36 軟件模塊化設(shè)計(jì)方法概述 ............................................................................................. 36 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明 書（畢業(yè)論文） IV 電阻爐溫度控制系統(tǒng)軟件總體設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................. 37 密碼驗(yàn)證模塊 ................................................................................................................. 37 數(shù)據(jù)采集模塊 ................................................................................................................. 38 A/D 和 D/A 轉(zhuǎn)換 ...................................................................................................... 38 數(shù)據(jù)采集 .................................................................................................................. 39 信號(hào)處理模塊 ................................................................................................................. 40 PID 控制器模塊 .......................................................................................................... 42 第七章 系統(tǒng)調(diào)試 .................................................................................................................... 44 參考文獻(xiàn) .................................................................................................................................. 47 附錄 A： .................................................................................................................................. 49 附錄 B： ................................................................................................................................... 52 致 謝 ...................................................................................................................................... 53 內(nèi)蒙古科技大學(xué)畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說明 書（畢業(yè)論文） 1 第一章 引言 本課題的背景及 意義 隨著工業(yè)的發(fā)展，對(duì)金屬材料的性能提出了更多更高的要求，因而熱處理技術(shù)也向著優(yōu)質(zhì)、高效、節(jié)能、無公害方向發(fā)展。在工業(yè)電爐控制中溫度的控制 是十分重要的 “ 溫控過程要嚴(yán)格按照事先設(shè)定的溫度曲線運(yùn)行 ， 如果意外掉電導(dǎo)致加熱終止或控溫精度低 ，都會(huì)導(dǎo)致工業(yè)加熱 的失敗 ”， 因此研究以工業(yè)電阻爐為控制對(duì)象 ， 以智能儀表為控制工具的溫控系統(tǒng)具有一定的實(shí)際應(yīng)用價(jià)