【正文】 ........ 1 第一章 文獻(xiàn)綜述 ...................................................................................................................... 2 本課題研究的目的和意義 ............................................................................................... 2 甲醇的簡介 ....................................................................................................................... 2 甲醇的性質(zhì) ................................................................................................................... 2 甲醇的用途 ................................................................................................................... 2 甲醇工業(yè)的發(fā)展及現(xiàn)狀 ................................................................................................... 3 甲醇的消費(fèi)量 ............................................................................................................... 3 世界甲醇工業(yè)的發(fā)展 .................................................................................................. 3 我國甲醇工業(yè)發(fā)展 ....................................................................................................... 3 甲醇精餾的方法 ............................................................................................................... 4 工藝流程的選擇 ............................................................................................................... 4 單塔工藝流程的描述 ....................................................................................................... 5 塔設(shè)備的選擇 ................................................................................................................... 6 第二章 精餾塔物料衡算及熱量衡算 ................................................................................. 7 精餾塔的物料衡算 .......................................................................................................... 7 原料液及塔頂和塔底的 摩爾分率 ............................................................................... 7 原料液及塔頂和塔底產(chǎn)品的平均摩爾質(zhì)量 ............................................................... 7 物料衡算 ....................................................................................................................... 7 熱量衡算 ........................................................................................................................ 8 塔頂冷凝器的熱量衡算 ............................................................................................... 8 全塔的熱量衡算 .........................................................................................................10 第三章 精餾塔工藝設(shè)計(jì)計(jì)算 ..............................................................................................13 回流比及塔板數(shù)的確定 ..................................................................................................13 求最小回流比及操作回流比 ......................................................................................13 采用逐板法求理論板層數(shù) ..........................................................................................14 實(shí)際板層數(shù)的求取 ......................................................................................................15 精餾塔的工藝條件及有關(guān)物性數(shù)據(jù)的計(jì)算 ..................................................................16 操作壓力 ......................................................................................................................16 操作溫度 ......................................................................................................................16 平均摩爾質(zhì)量計(jì)算 ......................................................................................................16 平均密度計(jì)算 ..............................................................................................................17 液體平均表面張力的計(jì)算 ..........................................................................................18 平均粘度計(jì)算 ..............................................................................................................19 精餾塔的塔體工藝尺寸計(jì)算 ..........................................................................................20 塔徑計(jì)算 .....................................................................................................................20 精餾塔有效高度的計(jì)算 ..............................................................................................22 塔板主要工藝尺寸的計(jì)算 ..............................................................................................22 溢流裝置計(jì)算 ..............................................................................................................22 塔板布置 ......................................................................................................................24 塔板的流體力學(xué)驗(yàn)算 ......................................................................................................25 塔板壓降 ......................................................................................................................25 液面落差 ......................................................................................................................26 液沫夾帶 ......................................................................................................................26 漏液 ..............................................................................................................................27 液泛 ..............................................................................................................................27 塔板負(fù)荷性能圖 ..............................................................................................................28 精餾段塔板負(fù)荷性能圖 ..............................................................................................28 提留段塔板負(fù)荷性能圖 ..............................................................................................32 塔附件及總塔高設(shè)計(jì) ..............................................................................................