【正文】 ontain, access, defend, create, design, permit, concentrate, advantage, consist, pare 1. This kind of stamp is designed by some students who are learning art at our university. 2. The town walls were built as a defence against enemy attacks. 3. You need permission from the World Wide Web before you can access information. 4. Computers should be made readily accessible to teachers and pupils. 5. It is said that the band consisting of 4 members appealed to all the college students. 6. One of the main disadvantages of this system is that it uses very large amounts of fuel. 7. The jar containing petrol is leaking. 8. That is his creative designs for the new college building. 9. I lost my concentration and nearly drove into a bridge. 10. Compared with other good students, the teacher thinks, Hank is a more satisfying student. Ⅱ . 完成句子 1. 對(duì)人來(lái)講 , 空氣是必不可少的 , 對(duì)植物來(lái)說(shuō)也一樣。若選 A, it后不能有 as。 I ______ it as a basic principle of the pany that suppliers of raw materials should be given a fair price for their products. ［ 2020江西 , 25］ A. make B. look C. take D. think 【 解析 】 選 C。 e up with想出 。 e about產(chǎn)生 。 考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析 。 第二個(gè)空格處的 “ 包括 ” 是抽象的 , 而非具體器皿中包含某種東西 , 因此用 include。 句意：真正的愛(ài)國(guó)主義在于把國(guó)家利益置于任何事情之上 , 包括生命 。 containing 【 解析 】 選 C。 including C. consists in。 1. True patriotism (愛(ài)國(guó)主義 ) ______ putting the interests of one’s country above everything, ______ one’s life. A. consists of。 由句意 “ 不管他是偶然的還是故意的 ” 可知 , C項(xiàng) by design“有意 , 故意 ” 符合句意 。 an average of“平均是 ” 。 4. Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200, 000, a(n) ______ of 40, 000 per year. ［ 2020江西 , 35］ A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity 【 解析 】 選 A。 concentrate on“專(zhuān)注于 …… ”符合題意 。 3. There were so many people talking in the main hall that I couldn’t ______ the words of the lecturer. A. concentrate on B. fix upon C. centre on D. devote to 【 解析 】 選 A。 access to“接近 …… 的機(jī)會(huì) 。 2. The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ______ to the digital resources of the library. ［ 2020浙江 , 6］ A. access B. passage C. way D. approach 【 解析 】 選 A。 句意：小約翰尼摸了摸那個(gè)袋子 , 渴望知道里面裝的是什么 。average“平均的 ” 符合題意 。 4. The ______ time the Chinese people spend online is 17 hours per week. A. ordinary B. average C. mon D. general 【 解析 】 選 B。 句意：我們的英語(yǔ)老師很優(yōu)秀 , 但她不能在 50分鐘內(nèi)幫助所有的學(xué)生 。 e out with“說(shuō)出 ” 。 e about為不及物動(dòng)詞詞組 , 意為 “ 發(fā)生 , 產(chǎn)生 ” 。 句意： 1989年在瑞士工作期間 , 他提出了 (組建 )萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)的想法 。contain“包含 ” 符合題意 。Ⅲ . 句式填空 1. it作形式主語(yǔ)替代不定式短語(yǔ) It then became possible for universities to use the system as well (大學(xué)也使用這一系統(tǒng) ). 2. it作形式賓語(yǔ)替代不定式短語(yǔ) BernersLee made it possible for everyone to use the Inter (使用因特網(wǎng) ). 3. 表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 It would be much better (會(huì)好得多 )if we spent the time working on a puter. 4. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ) Two percent of the total population of China have access to the Inter, pared with (與 …… 相比 )45 percent in the USA and 15 percent in Japan. Ⅳ . 教材設(shè)題 1. A hard disk is a separate disk that ______ lots of information. A. collects B. contains C. loads D. saves 【 解析 】 選 B。 硬盤(pán)是一個(gè)包含許多信息的獨(dú)立盤(pán) 。 2. He ______ the idea of the World Wide Web in 1989 while he was working in Switzerland. A. came about B. came into C. came up with D. came out with 【 解析 】 選 C。 e up with“想出 ” 符合題意 。 e into“遇到 ” 。 3. Our English teacher is excellent, but she can’t help ______ in the class in 50 minutes. A. someone B. anyone C. everyone D. no one 【 解析 】 選 C。 not與 every、 all、 both連用時(shí)構(gòu)成部分否定 。 句意：中國(guó)人每周平均上網(wǎng)時(shí)間為 17小時(shí) 。 1. Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ______ . ［ 2020全國(guó)卷 Ⅱ , 18］ A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved 【 解析 】 選 B。 contain在此表示 “ 裝有 ” , 符合句意 。 句意：已設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)能夠讓學(xué)生便捷 、 容易地搜索到圖書(shū)館的電子資源 。 進(jìn)入 …… 的權(quán)利 ” 符合題意 。 句意：在大廳有那么多的人在談話以至于我無(wú)法集中精力聽(tīng)報(bào)告 。而 B、 C、 D中的動(dòng)詞 fix, centre, devote均為及物動(dòng)詞 , 不直接跟介詞 。 句意：去年考過(guò)駕照的考生人數(shù)達(dá)到了 20萬(wàn) , 平均每年 4萬(wàn) 。 5. Whether by accident or ______ , he arrived too late to help us. A. purpose B. aim C. design D. chance 【 解析 】 選 C。 A項(xiàng)應(yīng)用 on purpose, by chance=by accident偶然的 。 containing B. consists of。 including D. consists in。 考查動(dòng)詞及短語(yǔ)辨析 。 由句意可知 , 第一個(gè)空表示對(duì)愛(ài)國(guó)主義作出的解釋 , 故用 consist in, “以 …… 為主要部分 , 存在于 …… 中 ” 。 2. —Have you ______ some new ideas? —Yeah. I’ll tell you later. A. e about B. e into C. e up with D. e out with 【 解析 】 選 C。 句意： ——你想出新主意了沒(méi)有 ？ ——想到了 , 我一會(huì)兒告訴你 。 e into遇到 。 e out with說(shuō)出 。 句意：我把這看作是公司的一個(gè)基本原則 , 那就是原材料的供應(yīng)者應(yīng)該被給予就他們產(chǎn)品而言公平的價(jià)格 。 另外 look on. . . as, think of. . . as也表示“ 把 …… 看作 …… ”。 Air is necessary for people。 I hope you can e up with a better plan than this. 3. 生活主要是由快樂(lè)和悲傷組成的 , 而快樂(lè)和悲傷存在于拼搏之中。 Compared with his earlier works, the new play is not well received. 5. 據(jù)說(shuō)房?jī)r(jià)下降了。 We must concentrate on finding ways to reduce cost. 7. 我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生可以自由地使用圖書(shū)館。 She made it clear that she was against the plan. Ⅲ . 單項(xiàng)填空 1. Before the Hope Project was carried out in this poor area, children here had no ______ to education. ［ 2020哈爾濱模擬］ A. access B. approach C. attitude D. attraction 【 解析 】 選 A。 have access to “得以進(jìn)入 ” 符合題意 。 attitude“態(tài)度 ” 。 2. It’s already 10: 00. I wonder how it ______ that she was two hours late on such a short trip. ［ 2020蘭州模擬］ A. came over B. came out C. came about D. came up 【 解析 】 選 C。 我想知道她怎么會(huì)在這么短的旅程中晚到 2個(gè)小時(shí) 。 產(chǎn)生 ” 符合題意 。 e out“出來(lái) , 出版 ” , e up“走近 , 被提出 ” 。 考查過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) 。 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)designed for them在此作后置定語(yǔ) , 表示被動(dòng)和完成 。 此處 it作形式主語(yǔ) , 真正的主語(yǔ)是 discussing it with me。