珠寶鑒賞english-展示頁(yè)
2025-02-19 03:52本頁(yè)面
【正文】 IA Laboratory in Carlsbad California ? Mr. Kane is president and CEO of Fine lnternational in Helena Montana. ? Mr. sturman is supervisor of Pearl Identification at the GIA Laboratory in Bangkok ? GEMSTONE ENHANCEMENT ? ENHANCEMENT ? TREATMENT ? ENHANCEMENT ? AND COMBINED TREATMENTS ? COATING ? ? ? ? ENHANCEMENT ? m/vocabulary/ ? Advances in technology and increased demand for lowerpriced gem materials contributed to the proliferation of new treatments throughout the first decade of the 2023s. The developments that made the most difference were the diffusion treatment of corundum with beryllium, diffusion of copper into feldspar, clarity enhancement of ruby and diamond, and heat treatment of diamond, ruby, and sapphire. Gemological laboratories and researchers have done their best to keep up with these treatments, and the jewelry trade has struggled with how to disclose them. This article summarizes these developments and the methods used to identify the various enhancements. ? Another decade has passed since we reviewed the events of the 1990s as they pertained to gemstone enhancements and their detection (McClure and Smith, 20231. At that time, we observed that the issue of disclosure (and, especially, the failure to disclose) had caused major upheaval in all areas of the jewelry industry. We ended that retrospective article by stating there would be no end to fresh challenges in treatment identification and disclosure as we entered the new millennium . ? The 2023s certainly lived up to our expectations. There were treatments discovered that no one suspected were possible. There were crises of disclosure that resulted in televised exposes and unfavorable publicity for the industry. There were improvements in treatments developed in the 39。90s that made them more efficient and often harder to detect. ? Detection methods have also bee more and more plex. Gemological laboratories have had to invest in more sophisticated instrumentation, sometimes at great expense. For the frontline laboratories, being a good gemologist is no longer good enough. You must also have training in the earth sciences and analytical instrumentation to function effectively in such an environment. Now more than ever, the gemologist in the trade must be able to recognize when a stone requires more advanced testing. ? It is important to emphasize that many of these treatments can still be detected with standard gemological equipment, but staying current on the latest developments is absolutely essential. The knowledge base concerning treatments is constantly changing. ? Nearly every gem material (., figure 1) is subject to treatments of one form or another. Building on previous reviews, the aim of this article is to provide an overview of the treatments and identification challenges associated with them that were mon during the first decade of the 2023s. The authors strongly remend that readers familiarize themselves with the original references, as all the pertinent information cannot be presented in a review article. ? Figure 1. The 2023s continued to see the widespread use of treatments on a wide variety of gemstones. The gems shown here were enhanced during the 2023s by heat (unless otherwise noted, or other methods known prior to the decade: (1) ct aquamarine。 (4) ct Paraiba tourmaline。 (6) ct ruby。 (8) ct zircon。 (10) ct zircon。 (12) ct pink sapphire (13) ct yellow sapphire。 2, 4, 5, 7, and 10 are from Fine Gems International。 Robert E. Kane. ? NOMENCLATURE AND DISCLOSURE ? In the early 2023s, a group that
教學(xué)課件相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1