基因芯片在腫瘤研究中的應用-展示頁
2025-01-11 13:34本頁面
【正文】 gional lymph nodes metastasis? N1 Metastasis to moveable ipsilateral axillary node(s)(同側(cè)腋下淋巴結(jié) )? N2 Metastasis to ipsilateral axillary node(s) fixed to one another or other structures? N3 Metastasis to ipsilateral internal mammary node(s)? M0 No distant metastasis? M1 Distant metastasis (includes metastasis to ipsilateral supraclavicular（鎖骨） lymph node(s)Stage 0 Tis N0 M0Stage I T1 N0 M0Stage IIa T1 N1 M0 T2 N0 M0Stage IIb T2 N1 M0 T3 N0 M0Stage IIIa T1,2 N2 M0 T3 N1,2 M0Stage IIIb T4 Any N M0 Any T N3 M0Stage IV Any T Any N M1問題：這樣的分期是否準確反映了病人的預后情況？腫瘤的臨床分級 (grade)? 分級指標 : 細胞的異常形態(tài)，細胞的惡性生長速度。分 Tumorigenesis小 Genes腫瘤的發(fā)展（ progression）? 腫瘤組織 浸潤 相鄰組織? 淋巴結(jié)轉(zhuǎn)移和血道 轉(zhuǎn)移? 遠端轉(zhuǎn)移Apoptosistrisulfide，高石棉 Asbestos? 癌基因（如 mycpounds，高三氧化二砷 ArsenicB1，高殺草強Amitrole，砷和其化合物 Arseniccells? Repetitiveofrepairsuppressortargets： Oncogenes,lesionsincipient（初始 pathway? Precancerousmonlesionsinitiation： Cooperativeepigeicmutagenictoinstabilitywhencells? Progression:ofclonalaboutprocessDNA? Promotion:damageorthroughpresumablyMultipleEvolveofBiologicthewhichthecessationmannersameinandnormalofwithisexceedsoftheof abnormalisof腫瘤基因組學與基因芯片第十講腫瘤的研究? 美國 1971年頒布國家癌癥條例開始抗癌大戰(zhàn) ? 使癌癥成為 “慢性病 ”ConceptNeoplasm（瘤）“…anmasstissue,growthwhichanduncoordinatedthatthetissues,persiststheexcessiveafterofstimulievokedchange”Willis, 1952BasicFeaturesNeoplasmsOncogenic Lesion(. RAS, MYC, E2F Activation)Differentiation Abnormal Proliferation Angiogenesis InvasionSenescenceApoptosisNeoplasmsinSteps? Initiation:occursirreversiblestabletoanbringingaexpansioninitiatedresultsgeicleadsfurtherandchanges腫瘤的發(fā)生（ Initiation）? TumorDNAasfinaland的） ? MoleculartumorgenesDNAgenes腫瘤的促進（ promotion）? ExpansioninitiatedprocessInitiationPromotion? 致癌劑? 腫瘤促進劑? 低黃曲霉素 B1Aflaloxintrioxide，高三硫化砷 Arsenic、 ras）? 需要反復刺激InitiationPromotionTimeNo tumorNo tumorNo tumorNo tumorTumorTumor= Promoter= InitiatorGr. 1Gr. 2Gr. 3Gr. 4Gr. 5Gr. 6InitiationPromotionTargetand結(jié)? 腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展的三個階段基于基因表達譜的分子分型? 為什么提倡利用分子水平進行腫瘤的分型？腫瘤的一般臨床學知識? 腫瘤的診斷
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