【正文】 48 vacation. Hazen fortuitously collected a clump of soil from the edge of W. B. Nourse39。s work was stimulated by the wartime need to find a cure for the fungus infections that afflicted many military personnel. Scientists had been feverishly searching for an antibiotic (5) toxic enough to kill the fungi but safe enough for human use, since, unfortunately, the new wonder drugs such as penicillin and streptomycin killed the very bacteria in the body that controlled the fungi. It was to discover a fungicide without that double effect that Brown, of New York State39。 existence13. The phrase casts off in line 24 is closest in meaning to(A) grows again(B) grabs(C) gets rid of(D) uses as a weapon14. Of all the characteristics of the sea cucumber, which of the following seems to fascinate the author most?(A) What it does when threatened(B) Where it lives(C) How it hides from predators(D) What it eats15. Compared with other sea creatures the sea cucumber is very(A) dangerous(B) intelligent(C) strange(D) fat16. What can be inferred about the defense mechanisms of the sea cucumber?(A) They are very sensitive to surrounding stimuli.(B) They are almost useless.(C) They require group cooperation.(D) They are similar to those of most sea creatures.17. Which of the following would NOT cause a sea cucumber to release its internal organs into the water?(A) A touch(B) Food(C) Unusually warm water(D) Pollution18. Which of the following is an example of behavior parable with the sea cucumber living at a low metabolic rate?(A) An octopus defending itself with its tentacles(B) A bear hibernating in the winter(C) A pig eating constantly(D) A parasite living on its host39。s name(B) What makes the sea cucumber unusual(C) How to identify the sea cucumber(D) Places where the sea cucumber can be found9. In line 3, the word bizarre is closest in meaning to(A) odd(B) marine(C) simple(D) rare10. According to the Passage, why is the shape of sea cucumbers important?(A) It helps them to digest their food.(B) It helps them to protect themselves from danger.(C) It makes it easier for them to move through the mud.(D) It makes them attractive to fish.11. The words this faculty in line 20 refer to the sea cucumber39。Example one: Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the mon sea cucumber. All livingcreature, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, Line among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can (5) live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets? For some fifty million years, despite all its eccentricities, the sea cucumber has subsisted on its diet of mud. It is adaptable enough to live attached to rocks by its tube feet, under rocks in shallow water, or on the surface of mud flats. Common in cool (10) water on both Atlantic and Pacific shores, it has the ability to suck up mud or sand and digest whatever nutrients are present. Sea cucumbers e in a variety of colors, ranging from black to reddishbrown to sandcolor and nearly white. One form even has vivid purple tentacles. Usually the creatures are cucumbershapedhence their nameand because they are typically (15) rock inhabitants, this shape, bined with flexibility, enables them to squeeze into crevices where they are safe from predators and ocean currents. Although they have voracious appetites, eating day and night, sea cucumbers have the capacity to bee quiescent and live at a low metabolic ratefeeding sparingly or not at all for long periods, so that the marine organisms that provide their food have (20) a chance to multiply. If it were not for this faculty, they would devour all the food available in a short time and would probably starve themselves out of existence. But the most spectacular thing about the sea cucumber is the way it defends itself. Its major enemies are fish and crabs, when attacked, it squirts all its internal organs into the water. It also casts off attached structures such as tentacles. The sea cucumber (25) will eviscerate and regenerate itself if it is attacked or even touched。 it will do the same if the surrounding water temperature is too high or if the water bees too polluted.8. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The reason for the sea cucumber39。s ability to(A) squeeze into crevices(B) devour all available food in a short time(C) suck up mud or sand(D) live at a low metabolic rate12. The fourth paragraph of the passage primarily discusses(A) the reproduction of sea cucumbers(B) the food sources of sea cucumbers (C) the eating habits of sea cucumbers(D) threats to sea cucumbers39。s bloodExample two: (沒講)Elizabeth Hazen and Rachel Brown copatented one of the most widely acclaimed wonder drugs of the postSecond World War years. Hazen and Brown39。s Department of Health in New York, began their Hazen, senior microbiologist at the Department of Health in Laboratories at Albany, and (10) longdistance collaboration. Based upon Hazen39。s cow pasture in Fauquier County. Virginia, that, when tested, revealed the presence of the microorganisms, In farm owner Nourse39。s(C) A collector of fungi(D) A farmer Example three: (沒講)Fungi, of which there are over 100,000 species, including yeasts and other singlecelled organisms as well as the mon molds and mushrooms, were formerly classified as members of the plant kingdom. However, in reality they are Line very different from plants and today they are placed in a separate group altogether. (5) The principal reason for this is that none of them possesses chlorophyll, and since they cannot synthesize their own carbohydrates, they obtain their supplies either from the breakdown of dead organic matter or from other living organisms. Furthermore