【正文】
analysis water supply production and marketing error rate,may see Nayang39。從供水資源的流失分析供水管網(wǎng)漏水原因及對策曹邦卿(南陽師范學(xué)院土木建筑工程學(xué)院,河南 南陽 473061)摘 要:通過分析供水產(chǎn)銷差率,可以看出南陽市的供水資源流失現(xiàn)象非常嚴(yán)重、管網(wǎng)漏損率有逐年增高的趨勢,其原因有管外、管內(nèi)以及管道自身等因素。因此,必需采取合理選用管材、加快舊管網(wǎng)更新改造、提高施工質(zhì)量、建立管網(wǎng)動態(tài)模擬系統(tǒng)、合理分區(qū)供水、定期撿漏等措施,把主動查漏和積極防漏相結(jié)合,才能使管網(wǎng)漏損率降到最低。s water supply resources outflow phenomenon to be serious the tendency which,the pipe network leak rate has advances year by year,its reason has outside in the tube,the tube as well as the pipeline own and so on factors. Therefore,essential adopts selects the tubing,to speed up the old pipe network reasonably to renew the transformation,the enhancement construction quality,to establish the pipe network kinetic simulator systematic,the reasonable district water supply,to initiative search water leakage spot and so on measures,unifies the driving leak finding and the positive antidrip,can cause the pipe network leak rate to fall lowly.Keywords:Urban water supply;Water supply resources outflow;Pipeline leakage;Falls leaks the countermeasure城市供水產(chǎn)銷差率是指供水總量和售水總量之差與供水總量之比,主要包括:①管網(wǎng)漏損(即在供水管網(wǎng)中漏掉的水量);②計量誤差(含出廠水計量和用戶用水計量);③非法用水;④管網(wǎng)自用水(沖刷管網(wǎng)用水);⑤市政綠化和消防用水(這些水目前基本上沒有計量);⑥水費(fèi)因用戶原因無法回收的水等。這不僅掩蓋了寶貴的水資源未被充分利用的事實(shí),說明日益緊張的水資源流失現(xiàn)象越來越嚴(yán)重;同時,也說明供水管網(wǎng)漏損率一直居高不下,已遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了國家規(guī)定的12%指標(biāo)要求[1],且有逐年增高之勢。統(tǒng)計表明,南陽市目前使用的供水管材中,灰口鑄鐵管、鋼筋混凝土管、%。管材因生產(chǎn)工藝本身的缺陷,存在脆性大,強(qiáng)度低,殘余應(yīng)力大等問題,成為管道爆管和暗