材料科學與工程專業(yè)英語1-18單元課后翻譯答案-展示頁
2024-09-02 19:24本頁面
【正文】 于水的密度時，物體將漂浮在水面上，當密度大于水的密度時，物體會沉降。4． 元素的原子序數(shù)表明該元素的原子核內帶正電的質子數(shù)。微結構和宏觀結構雖也能影響這些性能但是他們主要影響力學性能和化學反應速率。6. advanced materials ceramic materialshighperformance materials clay mineralsalloy implantglass fibre carbon nanotube7. Metallic materials have large numbers of nonlocalized electrons and many properties of metals are directly attributable to these electrons.8. Many of polymeric materials are organic pounds with very large molecular structures.9. Semiconductors hace electrical properties that are intermediate between the electrical conductors(viz. metals and metal alloys) and insulators(viz. ceramics and polymers).10. Biomaterials must not produce toxic substances and must be patible with body tissues.Unit 31． 金屬的行為（性質）不同于陶瓷的行為（性質），陶瓷的行為（性質）不同于聚合物的行為（性質）。4. 壓電陶瓷在電場作用下膨脹和收縮；反之，當它們膨脹和收縮時，他們也能產生一個電場。2. 陶瓷是典型的導熱導電的絕緣體，并且比金屬和聚合物具有更高的耐熱溫度和耐惡劣環(huán)境性能。因此，有時候有必要為某一性質而犧牲另一性能。、結構、性能之間的關系以及材料的加工技術，根據(jù)以上的原則，他或她就會越自信與熟練地對材料進行更明智的選擇。，所有固體材料的重要性質可以分為六類：機械、電學、熱學、磁學、光學、腐蝕性。Unit 1 Translation.1.“材料科學”涉及到研究材料的結構與性能的關系。相反，材料工程是根據(jù)材料的結構與性質的關系來涉及或操控材料的結構以求制造出一系列可預定的性質。，材料科學與工程還有其他兩個重要的組成部分，即加工與性能。，材料才具有最優(yōu)或最理想的綜合性質。 dielectric constantSolid material(s) heat capacityMechanical property electromagnetic radiationMaterial processing elastic modulus was not until relatively recent times that scientists came to understand the relationships between the structural elements of materials and their properties.8. Materials engineering is to solve the problem during the manufacturing and application of materials.9. properties relate deformation to an applied load or force.Unit 21. 金屬是電和熱很好的導體，在可見光下不透明；擦亮的金屬表面有金屬光澤。3. 用于高科技領域的材料有時也被稱為先進材料。5. 隨著能夠觀察單個原子或者分子的掃描探針顯微鏡的出現(xiàn)，操控和移動原子和分子以形成新結構成為可能，因此，我們能通過一些簡單的原子水平的構建就可以設計出新的材料。2． 原子結構主要影響化學性質、物理性質、熱學性質、電學性能、磁性能、光學性能。3． 金屬的強度表明原子是通過強的鍵結合在一起的。而原子的原子量則表明該原子核中質子數(shù)與中子數(shù)。相似的，當比重小于1時，物體將漂浮在水面上，當比重大于1時，物體會沉降。3． 使磁通量密度提高1倍以上小于或等于10倍的材料叫順磁性材料，使磁通量密度提高10倍以上的材料叫鐵磁性材料。反磁性材料的相對導磁率小于1，但是到目前還沒有哪種材料的相對導磁率遠小于1。6． specific gravity boiling point magnetic induction coefficient of thermal conductivity glass transition temperaturenonferrous metals linear coefficient of thermal expansion mass per unit of volume7. Properties that describe how a substance changes into a pletely different substance are called chemical properties. 8. Phase is a physical property of matter and matter can exist in four phases: solid, liquid, gas and plasma. 9. At some temperature below the melting point, polymers start to lose their crystalline structure but the molecules remain linked in chains, which tesults in a soft and pliable material.10. In engineering applications, permeability is often expressed in relative, rather than in absolute.Unit 51. 金屬的力學性能決定了材料的使用范圍及期望的服役壽命。3．材料的承載方式極大地影響了材料的力學性能，也決定了材料失效形式，以及在失效前是否有預警。5．材料受到低于臨界壓力即屈服強度的力時，材料才會發(fā)生彈性形變。 while ductility, fracture toughness, and elongation usually decrease.8. From the respective of what is happening within a material, stress is the internal distribution of forces within a body that balance and react to the loads applied to it.9. Engineering strain is defined as the amount of deformation in the direction of the applied force divided by the initial leng
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