【正文】 edication, available without a prescription, can decrease pain and improve function for patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.　　21. According to the passage, osteoarthritis ________.　　A) is inevitably caused by wear and tear due to aging　　B) is an active process in which cartilage is damaged abruptly　　C) is caused by damaged cartilage that the body cannot properly repair　　D) is caused by cells within the cartilage that may release mediators　　22. According to this passage, which of the following won’t lead to osteoarthritis?　　A) Vigorous contact sports. B) Repetitive activities.　　C) Going on a diet. D) Injury to a joint.　　23. According to this passage, which of the following is NOT a possible supplementary treatment for osteoarthritis?　　A) Losing weight. B) Doing exercise.　　C) Using shoe inserts. D) Taking surgeries.　　24. Which of the following is the best title for this passage?　　A) A New Insight into Osteoarthritis　　B) A New Symptom of Osteoarthritis　　C) Mysterious Effects of Exercise on Osteoarthritis　　D) New Categories of Osteoarthritis25. What kind of article does this passage NOT belong to?　　A) An advertisement for medicine.　　B) An introduction to osteoarthritis.　　C) A science report from a health agency.　　D) A research paper of a professor.　　Passage Two　　Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.　　The IEA’s World Energy Outlook report says increasing demand and use of energy is unsustainable and has to be curbed (控制).　　The switch to more lowcarbon energy will require an extra investment of ￡ trillion — equivalent to per cent of GDP — the IEA report said, with an average ￡11 spent per head worldwide on more efficient cars, appliances and buildings. The improved energy efficiency would deliver fuelcost savings of almost ￡ trillion.　　Threequarters of the projected rise in energyrelated CO2 emissions will be accounted for by some developing countries.　　IEA executive director Nobuo Tanaka said, “Current trends in energy supply and consumption are apparently unsustainable.”　　The report says that, assuming no new government policies, the world energy demand will grow by per cent per year on average between 2006 and 2030. This figure is lower than projected last year because the economic slowdown has reduced demand.　　Demand for oil will rise from the current 85m barrels per day to 106m barrels by 2030. Demand for coal will rise more than any other fuel — despite the environmental damage it causes — accounting for more than a third of the increase in energy use.　　The report claims oil will remain the world’s main source of energy for many years to e even with the rapid development of alternative renewable energy technology but the amount of oil remaining, production costs and consumer price will remain unpredictable.　　Mr. Tanaka said big international oil and gas panies would in the future have limited scope to increase reserves and production while in contrast national panies are projected to account for about 80 per cent of the increase of both oil and gas production to 2030.　　The report says measures to curb CO2 emissions will improve energy security by reducing global fossilfuel energy use but this would not alarm the world’s major oil producers.　　“OPEC production will need to be 12m barrels higher per day in 2030 than today. It is clear that the energy sectors will have to play the central role in tackling climate change,” said Mr. Tanaka.26. The switch to more lowcarbon energy will ________.　　A) need an additional $ trillion investment　　B) consume 2 per cent of the .’s GDP　　C) cost each person in the . $11 on average　　D) save about ￡ trillion in fuel costs　　27. What does the underlined sentence mean in the third paragraph?　　A) 75% of the investment on energy efficiency projects will e from some developing countries.　　B) Some developing countries will raise their energyrelated CO2 emissions by 75%.　　C) 75% of the projected energyrelated CO2 emissions increase will e from some developing countries.　　D) Some developing countries will cut their energy related CO2 emissions by 75%.　　28. Which of the following will be the major energy source in the next few years?　　A) Oil. B) Coal. C) Gas. D) Biofuel.　　29. According to Mr. Tanaka, who will play the key role in coping with climate change?　　A) The oil producers. B) The energy sectors. C) The oil consumers. D) The policy makers.　　30. What’s the passage mainly talking about?　　A) National panies in the . should produce more oil and gas.　　B) The increasing demand and use of energy should be controlled.　　C) New efficient energy methods should be investigated and widely used.　　D) China, India and the Middle East should do more to protect the environment.　　Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)　　Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.　　Schools have been vilified (中傷) for giving kids access to soda in vending machines. 31 new data suggests that school soft drink sales may not be an important 32 in how much soda kids drink.33 pared soda consumption among nearly 500 students in Maine 34 attended seven schools over two school years. Four of the schools cut back on soft drink availability at the schools, while three of the schools made no 35 .　　Notably, all the students were drinking less soda 36 the end of the study period, but there were no 37 differences in overall soft drink 38 among the different schools. The data suggests that curbing soft drink availability at school doesn’t 39 in significant changes in beverage consumption patterns. While there were no changes in overall soda consumption, there