【正文】 of alarm, leakage and explosion accidents of gas accident rate is far lower than Europe and the United States and other developed countries, gas leakage detector based on singlechip microputer has bee the necessities of family life.This topic design a gas leakage detector, monitor if there is a leak phenomenon kitchen burning gas, gas leak flow and according to the size, when the gas leakage value exceed safety standards, alarm system, gas according to whether there is abnormal phenomenon, and 基于單片機(jī)的燃?xì)庑孤稒z測儀設(shè)計IVthe signal synchronization control solenoid valve to cut off the gas source. This design with low consumption of the microcontroller as the core device, the flow pulse signal input to MCU through gathering, through the software to determine whether or not in the range of reasonable flow, when the normal level, gives the corresponding control unit MCU control, alarm signal drive, the LCD shows the current accumulated flow rate at the same time and each focal switch state, at the same time, this design also will cooperate with DTU, serial port munication, far information module to PC for macro control, fundamentally solve the problem of safe use of gas, effectively avoid fire and explosion caused by gas leakage, asphyxia and death of malignant accidents.In order to achieve realtime monitoring the design adopts the double power supply, namely alternating power supply and battery power supply, and when the battery power is insufficient, this design can also under voltage alarm, when the city power supply this design will automatically jump to the battery power supply which is the design in the case of no electricity can also monitor. In addition, this design according to the national standard for antistatic, lightning protection, moistureproof, jitter considerations make this design to efficient and safe for consumer use.So this design has the following functions:Sampling function: ovens, gas flame thermocouple signal table output pulse signal, alarm signal.Alarm prompt: there are abnormal traffic, power supply voltage and the concentration of the alarm sound and light alarm information such as tips.Leakage detector power supply conversion function: the mains power supply can automatically switch to the standby power supply when mains power (battery) can automatically switch to city power supply when mains to restore state.Wireless munication function: being able to master station (concentrator) wireless munication function, can receive and reply to concentrator or a host of data acquisition and parameter setting mands.Key words: MCU。顯示功能：顯示燃?xì)獗矸e累流量，灶具火焰狀態(tài)、火焰異常等信息。電源轉(zhuǎn)換功能：采用市電供電的泄漏檢測儀在市電斷電時能自動轉(zhuǎn)換到備用電源（內(nèi)部電池）當(dāng)市電恢復(fù)時能自動轉(zhuǎn)換到城市供電狀態(tài)。所以本設(shè)計有以下功能： 采集功能：采集灶具火焰熱電偶信號、燃?xì)獗砻}沖信號、報警器輸出信號。為了做到實(shí)時監(jiān)控本設(shè)計采用了雙電源供電，即電源與電池交替供電，并且在當(dāng)電池電量不足時，本設(shè)計還能夠進(jìn)行欠壓報警，當(dāng)城市停止供電時本設(shè)計會自動跳轉(zhuǎn)到電池供電從而是本設(shè)計在沒電的情況下也能進(jìn)行監(jiān)控。本設(shè)計以功耗小的單片機(jī)為核心器件，通過采集流量脈沖信號輸入給單片機(jī)，通過軟件程序來判斷是否在合理的流量范圍之內(nèi)，當(dāng)超出正常值時，控制單元 MCU 會給出相應(yīng)的控制，驅(qū)動進(jìn)行報警信號，同時液晶顯示出當(dāng)前累積流量及每個灶的開關(guān)狀態(tài)。據(jù) 1998 年資料顯示，每年與液化石油氣有關(guān)的事故僅發(fā)生 75 起，而城市燃?xì)夤艿烙脩舭l(fā)生事故率更低，家用燃?xì)鈭缶髟谌毡景l(fā)展 30年來, 日本政府和生產(chǎn)企業(yè)大力推廣報警器的使用，使燃?xì)庑孤┖捅ǖ仁鹿实氖鹿事蔬h(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)低于歐美等發(fā)達(dá)國家，基于單片機(jī)的燃?xì)庑孤z測儀已成為家庭生活的必需品。在一些發(fā)達(dá)國家中都大力推廣甚至強(qiáng)制安裝燃?xì)鈭缶?，如日本東京和大阪、韓國漢城、德國漢堡等城市，目前有 80％以上的居民家庭安裝各類基于單片機(jī)的燃?xì)庑孤z測儀。能有效避免因燃?xì)庑孤抖鸬谋?、火?zāi)、中毒等惡性事故發(fā)生，在全世界大部分國家地區(qū)廣泛應(yīng)用。燃?xì)馐褂脝挝患熬用裼脩暨x擇一種適合的燃?xì)鈭缶b置成為必要之舉。華北科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）目錄設(shè)計總說明 ............................................................IIntroduction ..........................................................III1 緒論 ................................................................1 課題背景及研究意義 ..............................................1 主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)構(gòu)安排 ..........................................12 燃?xì)庑孤z測儀系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成框圖 ..........................................3 系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成框圖 ....................................................3 系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成方案及論證 ..........................................3 系統(tǒng)構(gòu)成框圖 ................................................43 燃?xì)庑孤z測儀硬件設(shè)計 ..............................................5 MCU 核心模塊設(shè)計 .................................................5 MSP430 系列單片機(jī)發(fā)展歷程 ....................................5 MSP430 系列單片機(jī)的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域 ..................................5 單片機(jī)最小系統(tǒng)介紹 ..........................................6 單片機(jī)的選型 ................................................9 單片機(jī)外圍電路設(shè)計 .........................................11 采集模塊硬件設(shè)計 ...............................................11 串口模塊硬件設(shè)計 ................................................13 雙電源供電模塊硬件設(shè)計 .........................................15 雙 12V 穩(wěn)壓電源設(shè)計 .........................................15 電源設(shè)計 ...............................................16 LCD 液晶顯示模塊設(shè)計 ............................................18 本章小結(jié) .......................................................214 燃?xì)庑孤z測儀軟件設(shè)計與實(shí)現(xiàn) .......................................22 總程序流程圖 ....................................................22基于單片機(jī)的燃?xì)庑孤稒z測儀設(shè)計 顯示模塊軟件設(shè)計 ................................................22 顯示模塊軟件調(diào)試 ................................................28 本章小結(jié) .......................................................295 硬件的安裝與調(diào)試 ...................................................30 PCB 版的設(shè)計 ....................................................30 PCB 板的調(diào)試 ....................................................32 PCB 板的焊接 ....................................................336 結(jié)論 ...............................................................35參考文獻(xiàn) .............................................................36附錄 .................................................................37致謝 .................................................................38華北科技學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）I基于單片機(jī)的燃?xì)庑孤z測儀設(shè)計設(shè)計總說明燃?xì)猬F(xiàn)已成為人們生活中必不可少的能源，液化氣、天然氣等作為清潔能源已在工商業(yè)和城鎮(zhèn)居民用戶中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。但是隨著燃?xì)獾膹V泛應(yīng)用，由于燃?xì)庑孤┧l(fā)的爆炸、中毒和火災(zāi)等事故也時有發(fā)生，這在某種程度上增加了城市的不安全和不穩(wěn)定因素?；趩纹瑱C(jī)的燃?xì)庑孤z測儀，是一種適合家庭使用的小型燃?xì)獍踩婪懂a(chǎn)品。基于單片機(jī)的燃?xì)庑孤z測儀是燃?xì)忸I(lǐng)域的安全衛(wèi)士，一旦發(fā)生燃?xì)庑孤?，它能及時提醒用戶，避免各類中毒事故的釀成。同樣，在國內(nèi)一些城市，如北京、成都、哈爾濱等城市，針對燃?xì)庵卸臼鹿式佣B三地發(fā)生，果斷采取措施。本課題設(shè)計一款燃?xì)庑孤z測器，監(jiān)控燃?xì)庠钍欠裼行孤┈F(xiàn)象，并根據(jù)燃?xì)庑孤┝髁看笮?，?dāng)燃?xì)庑孤┲党^安全標(biāo)