【正文】 of alarm, leakage and explosion accidents of gas accident rate is far lower than Europe and the United States and other developed countries, gas leakage detector based on singlechip microputer has bee the necessities of family life.This topic design a gas leakage detector, monitor if there is a leak phenomenon kitchen burning gas, gas leak flow and according to the size, when the gas leakage value exceed safety standards, alarm system, gas according to whether there is abnormal phenomenon, and 基于單片機的燃氣泄露檢測儀設計IVthe signal synchronization control solenoid valve to cut off the gas source. This design with low consumption of the microcontroller as the core device, the flow pulse signal input to MCU through gathering, through the software to determine whether or not in the range of reasonable flow, when the normal level, gives the corresponding control unit MCU control, alarm signal drive, the LCD shows the current accumulated flow rate at the same time and each focal switch state, at the same time, this design also will cooperate with DTU, serial port munication, far information module to PC for macro control, fundamentally solve the problem of safe use of gas, effectively avoid fire and explosion caused by gas leakage, asphyxia and death of malignant accidents.In order to achieve realtime monitoring the design adopts the double power supply, namely alternating power supply and battery power supply, and when the battery power is insufficient, this design can also under voltage alarm, when the city power supply this design will automatically jump to the battery power supply which is the design in the case of no electricity can also monitor. In addition, this design according to the national standard for antistatic, lightning protection, moistureproof, jitter considerations make this design to efficient and safe for consumer use.So this design has the following functions:Sampling function: ovens, gas flame thermocouple signal table output pulse signal, alarm signal.Alarm prompt: there are abnormal traffic, power supply voltage and the concentration of the alarm sound and light alarm information such as tips.Leakage detector power supply conversion function: the mains power supply can automatically switch to the standby power supply when mains power (battery) can automatically switch to city power supply when mains to restore state.Wireless munication function: being able to master station (concentrator) wireless munication function, can receive and reply to concentrator or a host of data acquisition and parameter setting mands.Key words: MCU。顯示功能：顯示燃氣表積累流量，灶具火焰狀態(tài)、火焰異常等信息。電源轉換功能：采用市電供電的泄漏檢測儀在市電斷電時能自動轉換到備用電源（內部電池）當市電恢復時能自動轉換到城市供電狀態(tài)。所以本設計有以下功能： 采集功能：采集灶具火焰熱電偶信號、燃氣表脈沖信號、報警器輸出信號。為了做到實時監(jiān)控本設計采用了雙電源供電，即電源與電池交替供電，并且在當電池電量不足時，本設計還能夠進行欠壓報警，當城市停止供電時本設計會自動跳轉到電池供電從而是本設計在沒電的情況下也能進行監(jiān)控。本設計以功耗小的單片機為核心器件，通過采集流量脈沖信號輸入給單片機，通過軟件程序來判斷是否在合理的流量范圍之內，當超出正常值時，控制單元 MCU 會給出相應的控制，驅動進行報警信號，同時液晶顯示出當前累積流量及每個灶的開關狀態(tài)。據(jù) 1998 年資料顯示，每年與液化石油氣有關的事故僅發(fā)生 75 起，而城市燃氣管道用戶發(fā)生事故率更低，家用燃氣報警器在日本發(fā)展 30年來, 日本政府和生產企業(yè)大力推廣報警器的使用，使燃氣泄漏和爆炸等事故的事故率遠遠低于歐美等發(fā)達國家，基于單片機的燃氣泄漏檢測儀已成為家庭生活的必需品。在一些發(fā)達國家中都大力推廣甚至強制安裝燃氣報警器，如日本東京和大阪、韓國漢城、德國漢堡等城市，目前有 80％以上的居民家庭安裝各類基于單片機的燃氣泄漏檢測儀。能有效避免因燃氣泄露而引起的爆炸、火災、中毒等惡性事故發(fā)生，在全世界大部分國家地區(qū)廣泛應用。燃氣使用單位及居民用戶選擇一種適合的燃氣報警裝置成為必要之舉。華北科技學院畢業(yè)設計（論文）基于單片機的燃氣泄露檢測儀設計目錄設計總說明 ............................................................IIntroduction ..........................................................III1 緒論 ................................................................1 課題背景及研究意義 ..............................................1 主要研究內容及結構安排 ..........................................12 燃氣泄漏檢測儀系統(tǒng)構成框圖 ..........................................3 系統(tǒng)構成框圖 ....................................................3 系統(tǒng)構成方案及論證 ..........................................3 系統(tǒng)構成框圖 ................................................43 燃氣泄漏檢測儀硬件設計 ..............................................5 MCU 核心模塊設計 .................................................5 MSP430 系列單片機發(fā)展歷程 ....................................5 MSP430 系列單片機的應用領域 ..................................5 單片機最小系統(tǒng)介紹 ..........................................6 單片機的選型 ................................................9 單片機外圍電路設計 .........................................11 采集模塊硬件設計 ...............................................11 串口模塊硬件設計 ................................................13 雙電源供電模塊硬件設計 .........................................15 雙 12V 穩(wěn)壓電源設計 .........................................15 電源設計 ...............................................16 LCD 液晶顯示模塊設計 ............................................18 本章小結 .......................................................214 燃氣泄漏檢測儀軟件設計與實現(xiàn) .......................................22基于單片機的燃氣泄露檢測儀設計 總程序流程圖 ....................................................22 顯示模塊軟件設計 ................................................22 顯示模塊軟件調試 ................................................28 本章小結 .......................................................295 硬件的安裝與調試 ...................................................30 PCB 版的設計 ....................................................30 PCB 板的調試 ....................................................32 PCB 板的焊接 ....................................................336 結論 ...............................................................35參考文獻 .............................................................36附錄 .................................................................37致謝 .................................................................38華北科技學院畢業(yè)設計（論文）I基于單片機的燃氣泄漏檢測儀設計設計總說明燃氣現(xiàn)已成為人們生活中必不可少的能源，液化氣、天然氣等作為清潔能源已在工商業(yè)和城鎮(zhèn)居民用戶中得到廣泛應用。但是隨著燃氣的廣泛應用，由于燃氣泄漏所引發(fā)的爆炸、中毒和火災等事故也時有發(fā)生，這在某種程度上增加了城市的不安全和不穩(wěn)定因素?；趩纹瑱C的燃氣泄漏檢測儀，是一種適合家庭使用的小型燃氣安全防范產品?；趩纹瑱C的燃氣泄漏檢測儀是燃氣領域的安全衛(wèi)士，一旦發(fā)生燃氣泄漏，它能及時提醒用戶，避免各類中毒事故的釀成。同樣，在國內一些城市，如北京、成都、哈爾濱等城市，針對燃氣中毒事故接二連三地發(fā)生，果斷采取措施。本課題設計一款燃氣泄漏檢測器，監(jiān)控燃氣灶是否有泄漏現(xiàn)象，并根據(jù)燃氣泄漏